1. The War of 1812

2. Decision for War The Election of 1808 was won by Madison – who defeated Charles Pickney Madison took the office of President during a period of rising tensions between the US and Britain Ultimately Madison wanted to avoid war

3. Economic Pressures Non Intercourse Act Macon’s Bill # 2 – 1810 Non Importation Act – June 1812 the US declares war on Britain

4. Warhawks Tended to be people from the south and west – pro-war (Henry Clay & John C. Calhoun) Reasons for War British restrictions on trade hurt southern planters British encouraged native americans along the Western Borders to attack the white settlers – provided weapons

5. Tecumseh &Tippecanoe Tecumseh a Native American Shawnee leader advocated the uniting of natives to protect their lands Tenskwatawa --- called for a spiritual and cultural rebirth for natives They lived on the Tippecanoe river in Indiana William Henry Harrison – governor of Indiana Territory

6. November 1811 – Harrison gathered a force and marcher to Prophetstown Teskwatawa – ordered an attack first – not successful – caused doubt in his leadership – Tecumseh and others fled to Canada – this caused the US to believe that the British were aiding the natives --- Madison asks Congress for a declaration of War

7. Early Stages of War US NOT READY FOR WAR 7,000 troops and little equipment – downsizing by Jefferson Financing the War --- BUS had been shut down - Production of supplies – no government controlled business – navy only had 16 ships

8. Strikes Against Canada Three Direction Plan Attack from Detroit, Niagara Falls, Hudson River Lake Erie – where much of the British navy located --

9. Battles of the War Detroit Niagara Falls New York Militia Lake Erie

10. British Plan for War French and British war over – now the British could concentrate on the US Plan First the British would raid American cities along the East Coast March south into New York and cut New England off from the other states Seize New Orleans & close the MR

11. Raids on DC and Baltimore August 14 th British sailed into the Chesapeake Bay, landed troops, -- marched on DC – defeated the militia – burned the White House and the Capitol Next they marched on Baltimore - however the city was ready and held off the British – (bombing of Fort McHenry)

12. Battle of Lake Champlain Key battle for both sides --- won by the US – defeated the British navy --- therefore halted the British advancement into NY – British retreat to Montreal

13. Hartford Convention Meeting of New England to discuss how they could act independently of the US --- yet aid the US at the same time --- cut off from the US by British Essex Junto ---was a powerful group of New England Federalist Party lawyers, merchants, and politicians, so named because many of the original group were from Essex County, Massachusetts. They supported the Hartford Convention's disaffection with the War of 1812 and proposed secession of New EnglandHartford ConventionWar of 1812

14. Battle of New Orleans January 1815 A win for the Americans – led by General Andrew Jackson – battle never needed to happen because a peace treaty had been signed by both sides --- made Jackson a national hero --- Brought a strong sense of nationalism -- - and an end to the Federalist Party

15. Treaty of Ghent Signed December 24, 1814 --- reestablished pre-war boundaries and little else.