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Navigation NAU 102 Lesson 10
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Buoy Labels Buoys may be numbered or lettered for ease of identification. Port hand buoys = odd numbers Starboard buoys = even numbers Numbers increase from seaward. “Even Red Nuns have Odd Green Cans”
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Buoy Labels
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All other buoys may be lettered. E.g. “CBJ” = Chesapeake Bay Junction
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Buoy Sounds Buoys may be fitted with sound devices. Bells – one tone, caused by buoy movement. Gongs – multiple tones, caused by buoy movement.
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Buoy Sounds Whistle – moaning sound, caused by buoy movement. Horn – electronic tone. In calm seas, might not hear bell, gong or whistle buoys.
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Buoy Lights Color and Phase Characteristics are important. Color:Lateral Marks - Red or Green Optional equipment for buoys. Special Marks - Yellow All Other Marks - White
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Buoy Lights Phase Characteristics Pattern of alternating flashes and eclipses (dark periods) Enables identification of specific marks in the dark. See table 506 in Bowditch.
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Buoy Lights Port & Starboard Lateral Marks Any phase characteristic other than Comp. GpFl (2+1)
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Buoy Lights Junction & Bifurcation Marks Comp. GpFl (2+1)
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Buoy Lights Safe Water Marks
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Buoy Lights Isolated Danger Marks
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Buoy Lights Special Marks
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Buoy Lights Cardinal Marks
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Other Buoy Systems Mooring Buoys Information and Regulatory Marks
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Other Buoy Systems Uniform State Waterway Marking System (USWMS) For lakes and inland waterways.
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Beacons Fixed Marks Mounted ashore or in shallow water Lighted Beacon = “Light” No light = “Daybeacon” “Daymark” – the sign or structure enabling identification by day
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Beacons Daymark
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Day Beacons Shape & Color have meaning Green to port. (IALA – B) Squares to port.
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Day Beacons Shape & Color have meaning Red to starboard. (IALA – B) Triangles to starboard.
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Day Beacons Safewater Special Isolated Danger Red & Black Diamond
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Intracoastal Waterway Buoys & Daymarks with yellow stripes. Used only on ICW 1
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Intracoastal Waterway 1 Yellow rectangle or square = port side of ICW Yellow triangle = starboard side of ICW Indicate dual use Buoys & Daymarks with yellow shapes.
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Intracoastal Waterway
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Ranges Two objects, when in line, indicate a specific line of position. E.g. Mark when in center of a channel Can be lighted or day beacons.
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Ranges
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If range is ahead, left of track If range is astern, right of track
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Lights Major Lights Primary Seacoast – major lights that give early indication of landfall High intensity lights on a fixed structure. Secondary Lights – mark harbor entrances
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Lights Primary Seacoast Light
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Lights Minor Lights Smaller, low-intensity lights within a harbor, marking a channel, etc. Includes lighted buoys, range lights, etc.
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Range Lights
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Lights Red = move to stbd. Directional lights – use colored lenses to show narrow beams of colored lights. Green = move to port
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Lights Usually mark hazards. Sector lights – use colored lenses to show different color at various bearings. Stay out of the red sector! Bearings stated in Light List as seen from vessel.
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Sector Lights
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Lights Bridge Lights Red lights – piers and closed drawbridge. Green lights – deep channels and open drawbridges.
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Light Characteristics Lights have color and phase characteristics that aid identification. See Bowditch Ch. 5
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Introduction to Navigation Questions?
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