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2. Adverb clauses, peer grading of research paper, and Argument Day 72-Standard

3. Objectives 1. Analyze Shakespearean language for connotation and denotation of phrases. 2.. Analyze how authors use tone to convey mood. 3. Discuss and identify Adjective clauses. Homework: Adverb clause notecard Close reading nonfiction 2 due Friday Research paper final paper due next Thursday

4. 1. There is the house that I'd like to buy. 2. Summer, which is my favorite season, will be here in another week. 3. Phil is reading The Call of the Wild, which is Jack London's most famous book. Instructions: Find the adjective clause in the following sentences and tell which word it modifies. *Don't forget to label SV

6. THE ACTION OCCURS Adverb Clauses HOW,WHEN,WHERE,WHY, AND UNDER WHAT CONDITIONS

7. Adverb Clause A subordinate clause A group of words that contains a subject and predicate that does not express a complete thought. That modifiesTells how, when, where, why or under what condition the action occurs A verbAction, state or relationship is …

8. What it does Tells – How Two people can enjoy a movie, if they can agree on what movie to see. Note: Answers to the adverbial questions are sentence fragments.

9. What it does Tells – How – When After we go to the store, we can have lunch. Note: Answers to the adverbial questions are sentence fragments.

10. What it does Tells – How – When – Where Profanity is not acceptable where young children are playing. Note: Answers to the adverbial questions are sentence fragments.

11. What it does Tells – How – When – Where – Why I am going to ask Sally to the prom because she is a pretty girl. Note: Answers to the adverbial questions are sentence fragments.

12. What it does Tells – How – When – Where – Why – Under what conditions If I get up late, Mom will drive me to school. Note: Answers to the adverbial questions are sentence fragments.

13. Linking the clauses Subordinate clauses are linked to the main clause by Subordinating Conjunctions. HowWhenWhereWhyUnder what conditions sinceafterwhilebecauseunless ifbeforewherealthougheven if in order thatuntilwhere, whereverso thateven though whetherwhen, wheneverthoughprovided that asoncethan as ifwhilethat This is not an exhaustive list. Some of these words can be used to answer other adverbial questions. “Than” and “that” can answer adjectival questions.

14. How to find it First find the verbs and the predicates. Second find the subjects. If the subject is preceded by a subordinate conjunction if is a subordinate clause. If the subordinate clause answers an adverbial question (how, when, where, why or under what conditions), it is an adverb clause. Because we will be building complex sentences, this class needs to understand and identify adverb clauses. “Because” tells why

15. at the end at the beginning How it works - Placement because they spend a lot of time studying. Students with good grades get into less trouble students with good grades get into less trouble. Because they spend a lot of time studying, Note: Capital letters were changed because of standard sentence capitalization rules. Comma was added after the introductory subordinate clause. Main Clause Subordinate Clause Main Clause Which order is better? End with the more important idea. This makes the reader remember it better.

16. Separation by Comma Marcel is going to ask the new girl on a date if his brother lets him have the car. If his brother lets him have the car, Marcel is going to ask the new girl on a date. How it works -Punctuation A comma is usually not used if the adverb clause is at the end of the sentence. If an adverb clause begins a sentence, a comma is used after it. A comma is usually not used if the adverb clause is at the end of the sentence. No Comma hereComma here

17. Your Turn Find the adverb clause What is the subject, predicate of each clause? Which clause is the main, subordinate clause? What is the subordinating conjunction? What adverbial question is being asked? Juan ordered pizza after he found out what everyone wanted on it.

18. Your Turn Find the adverb clause What is the subject, predicate of each clause? Which clause is the main, subordinate clause? What is the subordinating conjunction? What adverbial question is being asked? When I get there, I’ll give you a call.

19. Your Turn Find the adverb clause What is the subject, predicate of each clause? Which clause is the main, subordinate clause? What is the subordinating conjunction? What adverbial question is being asked? We will cheer for Bob as he crosses the finish line.

20. 1. After I finished doing the dishes, I helped my dad mow the lawn. 2. The little girl was upset because her puppy was lost. 3. That old house looked spookier than any other house in the neighborhood. 4. Jeremy left for the football game before I could offer him a ride. 5. Jennifer will go on the retreat unless it rains. 6. Dino ran the 100-yard dash much faster than I did. 7. Because the sweaters were on sale, Stuart bought three. 8. Eve was more interested in geography than her brother was. 9. Will you wait in the car until it’s time to leave for school? 10. Alex waxed the car until it looked brand new.

21. 11. We met where his street intersects mine. 12. I heard a strange noise when I turned on the computer. 13. While it was snowing outside, Simon was daydreaming about sunny beaches. 14. The band began a food drive so that we could help the hungry. 15. Because she couldn’t find an opener, Sandy didn’t open the can. 16. Whenever I go to that restaurant, I run into a friend. 17. I dropped my wallet as I was crossing the street. 18. You will see a gas station wherever you look in that city. 19. Although I had never seen my aunt before, I recognized her instantly. 20. Grandma and Grandpa have lived in the same house since they were married.

22. Peer Evaluation- Research paper  Retrieve laptops.  Submit your paper to turnitin.com  Do not get off task.  Make sure you submit your paper or it will be counted as late.

23. Peer Evaluation  As you read your peers paper complete the steps on the worksheet.  You will be evaluating 2 other papers so be effective and positive when commenting.

24. The Argument A series of statements used to persuade someone to accept the position of the writer. An argument consists of: a claim and support  Claim-> Your stance on an issue.  Support-> Your valid reasons that are used to prove your claim and the evidence used to support your reasons. Appeals can be used to support a claim.  Claim-> Guns should be heavily regulated  Support-> Reasons: Evidence: 1. Guns are dangerous. A. Firearm crimes were at 467,300 victimizations in 2011 2. Guns are only meant to kill. B. Firearm violence accounted for 70% of all homicides

25. The Argument

27. Argument Breakdown:  Claim: Free trade encourages individuals to cultivate moral virtues.  Reason 1: producers must serve their fellow human beings by providing goods and services others want and need  Reason 2: the most economically successful will be those who provide not just for a select few but for a broad segment of consumers  Evidence 1: Pope John Paul II observed that people in free markets were diligent and faithful.  Evidence 2: A supplier who misses deadlines for shipment or a buyer whose credit is no good will soon lose business to their competitors with better reputations.

28. Individual Practice - Argument  Read along “Testimony before the senate” by Michael J. Fox on page. 288.  Read the “Before Reading” section before the speech.  Fill out the sections in your worksheet

29. Closure3, 2, 1  Three things you need to change about your paper.  Two ways that arguments are used in our readings.  One question you have concerning nonfiction.