1. Benchmark:SC.6.E.7.1 Chapter 5 Section 1 Heat Transfer pgs. 154-159

2. Vocabulary  atmosphere  hydrosphere  weather  temperature  thermal energy  thermometer  heat  convection  conduction  convection currents

3. How is Earth a System?  Earth is a system made up of different parts  Two of these parts are:  atmosphere- envelope of gases that surrounds the planet  hydrosphere- made up of all the water on Earth  the atmosphere and hydrosphere are constantly interacting  weather is the condition of the Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place  as interactions between parts of the Earth system parts of the Earth system change, so does the change, so does the weather. weather.

4. BrainPop! Heat… https://www.brainpop.com/scie nce/energy/heat/ How can an iceberg have more heat than a burning match?

5. What is heat really?? It is important to understand that there is no such thing as cold! It is important to understand that there is no such thing as cold! "Hot" and “Cold" are words that DESCRIBE the amount of heat. "Hot" and “Cold" are words that DESCRIBE the amount of heat. If I give you heat energy you would be "hot". If I give you heat energy you would be "hot". If I take away your heat energy you could be described as "cold". If I take away your heat energy you could be described as "cold". I cannot give you cold. I can only give and take HEAT. I cannot give you cold. I can only give and take HEAT.

6. Discovery Ed heat demonstration https://app.discoveryeducation.c om/learn/videos/E45E9DFA- 8C07-42BA-AA44-438D7AB2506F

7. What is temperature? All substances are made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules) that are constantly moving. All substances are made up of tiny particles (atoms and molecules) that are constantly moving. Temperature measures the average energy of motion of the particles. Temperature measures the average energy of motion of the particles. How do you know when you have a fever? How do you know when you have a fever?

8. Challenge Questions: 1. You take a temperature reading in the kitchen. If you opened the refrigerator door and left it open, what would happen to the temperature in the kitchen? 2. You reach for a nice cold can of soda. Why does your hand feel cold in a few minutes? 3. You have a warm slice of apple pie. You start talking and forget about it. A while later you go to eat it. Why did it get cold?

9. How is temperature measured? By using a thermometer to measure the movement of heat. We can compare Celsius to Fahrenheit…Both show boiling & freezing.

10. Thermal energy… The faster the particles move, the more energy they have. The faster the particles move, the more energy they have. Thermal energy measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance. Thermal energy measures the total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.

11. How is Heat Transferred? Remember: Remember: Heat is thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one Heat is thermal energy that is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler one. Heat is transferred in 3 ways: Heat is transferred in 3 ways:

12. The flow of heat through liquids or gases (fluids). This only occurs in air & H 2 O Occurs where warm air rises (less dense) & cooler air sinks (more dense). The flow of heat through liquids or gases (fluids). This only occurs in air & H 2 O Occurs where warm air rises (less dense) & cooler air sinks (more dense). Convection https://youtu.be/7xWWowXtuvA

13. Conduction The transfer of heat between two substances that are in direct contact. The transfer of heat between two substances that are in direct contact. When a fast moving molecule bumps into a slower moving molecule, the faster one transfers some of its energy to the slower one. When a fast moving molecule bumps into a slower moving molecule, the faster one transfers some of its energy to the slower one. The closer together the molecules are in a substance, the better they conduct heat The closer together the molecules are in a substance, the better they conduct heat

14. Apply it! Q: You are to touch a hot skillet. A: heat energy would travel FROM the skillet TO your hand. Q: If you hold a snowball in your hand why does it feels cold? A: the heat is leaving FROM your body and going TO the snow. Q: You come into science class and the chair is cold. A: Heat flows from hot to cold until the temperatures (speed of the particles) are the same. Eventually the chair will feel warm. This means you are not needing to pass heat to the chair anymore. You and the chair are the same temperature.

15. Radiation The heat that you are feeling form the sun. The heat that you are feeling form the sun. An electromagnetic wave at the speed of light An electromagnetic wave at the speed of light

16. YouTube Energy Review https://www.youtube.com/watch ?v=2JZciWtK6vc

17. Heating the Troposphere The troposphere is the lowest layer The troposphere is the lowest layer in Earth’s atmosphere. in Earth’s atmosphere. Radiation, conduction, and Radiation, conduction, and convection work together to heat the troposphere. convection work together to heat the troposphere. The upward movement of warm air The upward movement of warm air and the downward movement of cool air form convection currents. Heat is transferred mostly by convection within the troposphere. Heat is transferred mostly by convection within the troposphere.