1. Soviet Union Chapter 11 Section 2.5

2. Soviet Union Hammer and Sickle “Soviet” means council- or council of workers and peasants (soldiers)

3. Soviet Union (U.S.S.R- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ) Countries surrounding Russia joined- Georgia, Ukraine, Belarus, Armenia, Azerbaijan Capital in Moscow Leader (1927-1953): Joseph Stalin – killed more people than Hitler

4. Powerful Central Government Communism- a single political party controls the government and the economy Communism- a single political party controls the government and the economy Socialism- a system in which the government controls all resources Socialism- a system in which the government controls all resources No private property No private companies own resources

5. Controlled Economy Collective farms- workers produced the amount of food the government told them to and received any surplus crops People were still starving to death People had low quality of life Poor housing Low income Little access to consumer goods: clothes, electronics, appliances, vehicles Basically anything you could buy with money

6. What did the Communists want to do? Take over of agriculture - produced machines for farming; collective farms Industry- “jobs for all” Strong military Promote the “state” – Soviet Union- above all authority including religious and personal “Government knows what is best for you.”

7. Joseph Stalin Dictator Kept people from contact with “West”- Europe and the USA Controlled EVERY part of people’s lives Rule of terror using secret police force – KGB Death is the solution to all problems. No man - no problem. Death is the solution to all problems. No man - no problem. - Joseph Stalin

8. Mikhail Gorbachev President 1985-1991 Fought for less government control of the economy (perestroika- “restructuring”) Encouraged people to speak openly about the government (glasnost- “openness” ) Opened up to America and the West The world will not accept dictatorship or domination. Mikhail Gorbachev

9. Propaganda Soviets (Stalin) used propaganda, like this poster, to promote Communist ideas. Propaganda- information designed to influence people’s opinions Long Live Great Stalin!! What symbols do you see? What feeling does this want you to have? How do the people look? What colors do you see? Why would the government make this poster? Did it intend to make people DO something or FEEL a certain way?