2. Immigration to Minnesota and the Twin Cities David A Lanegran Ph.D MAGE Summer institute Macalester College July 13, 2012

3. Standards 9.3.3.5.4 Explain migration patterns in the modern era at a range of scales, local to global. 9.3.3.6.1Use generally accepted models to explain the internal spatial structure of cities in regions of the United States and other regions in the world. 9.3.3.7.3 Explain how social, political and economic processes influence the characteristics of places and regions.

4. Several currents in the immigration German speakers were the most numerous European Immigrants Bi-modal pattern existed some had cash and equity and started businesses In all decades many came without wealth and hoped to work their way into middle class. Nearly all European culture groups came to Minnesota

5. Immigrants criteria for settlement Move to best opportunity for income Move into vacant or available agricultural land Respond to advertisements Respond to information from countrymen who preceded them Avoid immigrants groups they disliked.

15. Migrants are a small % of world population

19. Immigration to MN reflects refugee movement