2. Part 1: Geography
Geography shapes history because it is where all history takes place
 Since the beginning of time, all civilizations have had to control their surrounding in order to survive
Topography = The physical features of a place or region

3. Archipelago
A chain of islands
Italy
Japan
Oceania

4. Delta
A landform that is formed at the mouth of a river, where the river flows into an another body of water
Nile Delta (Egypt)

5. Desert
A dry, often sandy region, with little rainfall, extreme temperatures, and sparse vegetation
Sahara Desert (Africa)
Gobi Desert (China)

6. Gulf Part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline
Gulf of Tonkin
Gulf of Mexico

7. Regular (Smooth) Coastline
A smooth coastline with very few natural harbors
West Coast of Africa

8. Irregular Coastline
A non-smooth coastline, that has many natural harbors
Britain

9. Mountain
Land with steep sides that rises sharply
Himalayan Mountain

10. Peninsula An area of land that is surrounded by water on three sides
Korean Peninsula
Italy
India

11. River Large natural stream of water that runs through the land
Nile River
Indus River
Ganges River
Yellow River

12. Isthmus A narrow stretch of land connecting two larger areas of land
Isthmus of Panama

13. Straight
A narrow stretch of water connecting two larger bodies of water
Straight of Gibraltar

14. Geography Terms
Geographical Barrier = A physical feature that separates two regions/areas/locations from each other and creates obstacles
Himalayan Mountains
Sahara Desert
Gobi Desert 
River Valley = land that surrounds a river that is rich and fertile

15. Deforestation = the cutting down of forests or rainforests on a massive scale and converting the land for non-forest use.
Amazon Rainforest
Desertification = the changing of semi-desert land to total desert land
Sahara Desert

16. Today’s Warm-up Define Topography? Define Desertification
Give 2 examples of topographical features
Define Desertification
Where in the world is this occurring today?

17. Political Map = a type of map that shows governmental boundaries, like countries, continents, states, and cities

18. Physical Map = a type of map that shows physical features, like mountains, plains, deserts and forests.

19. Imaginary lines that run horizontally across a map
Latitude
Longitude
Imaginary lines that run horizontally across a map
Lat is FLAT
Imaginary lines that run vertically (up and down) across a map
Long is LONG

20. How do you read latitude and longitude?

21. Part 3: Timelines
The period of time before written records were kept is called prehistoric, meaning “before history”.
Time is customarily divided into these periods:
Prehistory Before 4000 B.C. Ancient History B.C. – A.D Medieval History A.D. 500 – A.D Modern History A.D – Present

22. Common Time Terms B.C. = Before Christ
B.C. = Before Christ
A.D. = Anno Domini (after death of Christ)
Decade = 10 Years
Century = 100 years

24. You will copy the definition down from the PPT in this box.
All other boxes will be completed on your OWN after all words have been defined.

25. Culture
The characteristics of a particular group of people defined by everything from language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music and arts
Way of life for a group of people

26. Cultural Diversity
Many different kinds of cultures in one place

27. Cultural Diffusion
The spread or exchange of cultures

28. Ethnocentrism
The belief that your culture/ethnicity is superior (better) than others