1. Alternative Essences of Intelligence AIII98

2. Typical AI System Relies on uniform, explicit, internal representations of capabilities of the system, the state of the outside world, and the desired goals Relies on uniform, explicit, internal representations of capabilities of the system, the state of the outside world, and the desired goals Led AI away from its original goals and towards the construction of systems capable of performing only within limited problem domains and in extremely constrained environmental conditions Led AI away from its original goals and towards the construction of systems capable of performing only within limited problem domains and in extremely constrained environmental conditions

3. Problems Humans have no full monolithic internal models Humans have no full monolithic internal models Humans have no monolithic control Humans have no monolithic control Humans are not general purpose Humans are not general purpose

4. New Basis Assumptions Developmental organization Social interaction Social interaction Embodiment and physical coupling Multimodal integration

5. Developmental organization People undergo a gradually process of development where they are able to perform more difficult tasks in more complex environments enroute to the adult state. People undergo a gradually process of development where they are able to perform more difficult tasks in more complex environments enroute to the adult state.

6. Social Interaction Human infants are extremely dependent on their caregivers, relying upon them not only for basic necessities but also as a guide to their development. Human infants are extremely dependent on their caregivers, relying upon them not only for basic necessities but also as a guide to their development. For example, the most highly functioning autistics are severely disabled in our society For example, the most highly functioning autistics are severely disabled in our society

7. Embodiment Humans are embedded in a complex, noisy, constantly changing environment. There is a direct physical coupling between action and perception, without the need for an intermediary representation. This coupling makes some tasks simple and other tasks more complex Humans are embedded in a complex, noisy, constantly changing environment. There is a direct physical coupling between action and perception, without the need for an intermediary representation. This coupling makes some tasks simple and other tasks more complex

8. Integration There is evidence that the sensory modalities are not independent; stimuli from one modality can and do influence the perception of stimuli in another modality There is evidence that the sensory modalities are not independent; stimuli from one modality can and do influence the perception of stimuli in another modality

9. Question What prevent the human create real artificial intelligent? What prevent the human create real artificial intelligent? Could artificial intelligent methods used now can or have an opportunity to create the real artificial intelligent? Could artificial intelligent methods used now can or have an opportunity to create the real artificial intelligent?