1. Plant Tissues: Overview Many of the figures found in this presentation are from the internet site http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/ and a CD entitled “Plant Anatomy” by Richard Crang & Andrey Vassilyev published by McGraw Hill. http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/

2. Meristematic tissues – localized regions of cell division Apical Meristems Apical Meristems Primary or Transitional Meristem  Primary growth Primary or Transitional Meristem  Primary growth Lateral Meristems Lateral Meristems Vascular cambium  secondary vascular tissues Vascular cambium  secondary vascular tissues

3. Illustration from: http://biology.nebrwesleyan.edu/benham/mitosis/ 1.Interphase 2.Prophase 3.Metaphase 4.Anaphase 5.Telophase 6.Cytokinesis Cell Division: Mitosis (nuclear division) + Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)

4. Shoot Apical Meristem

5. Root Apical Meristem 1.Root cap initials 2.Protoderm 3.Ground meristem 4.Procambium 5.Root cap

6. Lateral Meristems – secondary growth in woody plants Basswood – root in cross section Basswood – stem in cross section; 1, 2, 3 year old stems

7. Simple Tissues – consisting of one cell type Parenchyma – thin walled & alive at maturity; often multifaceted. Parenchyma – thin walled & alive at maturity; often multifaceted. Collenchyma – thick walled & alive at maturity Collenchyma – thick walled & alive at maturity Sclerenchyma – thick walled and dead at maturity Sclerenchyma – thick walled and dead at maturity Sclerids or stone cells – cells as long as they are wide Sclerids or stone cells – cells as long as they are wide Fibers – cells longer than they are wide Fibers – cells longer than they are wide Epidermis – alive at maturity Epidermis – alive at maturity Trichomes – “pubescence” or hairs on epidermis Trichomes – “pubescence” or hairs on epidermis Root Hairs – tubular extensions of epidermal cells Root Hairs – tubular extensions of epidermal cells

8. Parenchyma

9. Collenchyma

10. Sclerenchyma Right-hand illustration modified from: Weier, Stocking & Barbour, 1974, Botany: An Introduction to Plant Biology, 5th Ed. SCLERIDSFIBERS

11. Epidermis – stoma, trichomes, & root hairs http://www.ucd.ie/botany/Steer/hair/roothairs.html

12. Complex Tissue Xylem – water conducting tissue; parenchyma, fibers, vessels and/or tracheids, and ray cells. Xylem – water conducting tissue; parenchyma, fibers, vessels and/or tracheids, and ray cells. Phloem food conducting tissue; sieve-tube members (no nucleus at maturity, cytoplasm present), companion cells, fibers, parenchyma, and ray cells. In flowering plants, sieve-tube members and companion cells arise from the same mother cell. Phloem food conducting tissue; sieve-tube members (no nucleus at maturity, cytoplasm present), companion cells, fibers, parenchyma, and ray cells. In flowering plants, sieve-tube members and companion cells arise from the same mother cell. Periderm – protective covering; composed of cork and parenchyma. Periderm – protective covering; composed of cork and parenchyma..

13. Xylem

14. Phloem

15. Vascular Bundles with xylem & phloem Maize or Corn – vein in cross section Alfalfa – vein in cross section