1. Native American Literature Despite the inattention to Native American literature, the Native Americans did publish literature. The first NA history was published in 1827, autobiography in 1829, and book of poetry in1868. NA also created myths that told of the creation of the world, gave thanks to a Supreme Being, and asked for provision.

2. NA cultures used stories to teach moral lessons and convey practical information This literature reflects a view of the natural world NA origin myths often feature animals and humans These writings also show a keen awareness of metaphor. Use the literary terms handbook in the textbook to define metaphor.

3. MYTHS A myth is rooted in a particular culture and deals with gods, goddesses, and other supernatural beings, as well as human heroes. Creation myths explain how the world came about. Explanatory myths explain the origin of something in nature.

4. MOTIF A RECURRING THEME, IDEA, SYMBOL, CHARACTER TYPE IN A WORK OF LITERATURE For example a motif can be the small town life depicted in “To Kill a Mockingbird.” In a fairytale the motif may be the idea of “happily ever after”

5. Characteristics of the “Trickster” OFTEN AN ANIMAL LIVE, AND SOMETIMES DIE BY THEIR WITS NOT ALWAYS ADMIRABLE REPRESENTS A MYTHOLOGY AND A SET OF RELIGIOUS BELIEFS CARRIED FORWARD FROM THE PAST INTO THE PRESENT

6. The Trickster Characteristics: REPRESENT THE DUAL NATURE OF HUMAN BEINGS TRICKSTER TALES USUALLY PRESENT THEIR PROTAGONISTS AS COMPLEX CHARACTERS, MIXING HUMOR AND SERIOUSNESS, EARTHINESS AND SPIRITUALITY

7. As you read or after reading, complete the following 1.What is the title? 2.Who created the myth? 3.What moral lesson is discussed within the text? 4.Is it stated directly or implied? If it is stated directly, state the line. If it is implied find two lines that help you make the inference. Explain both.

8. 5. Are animals used? If so, what animals? Are they portrayed positively or negatively? Why do you think that so? 6. Are metaphors used? If so give examples. 7. Is there a common motif in your story? If so, explain.