1. Speakers: 黄渊华 (HUANG Yuanhua) 古梦婷 (GU Mengting) 方荣欣 (FANG Rongxin)

2. What is DNA methylation? 2 DNA methylation from Wikipedia A biochemical process: an addition of methyl group to cytosine or adenine. Stably alters the genes expression as cells divide and differentiate. In adult somatic cells, DNA methylation typically occurs in a CpG (CG) dinucleotide context; non-CpG methylation is prevalent in embryonic stem cells. www.web-books.com

3. What are CpG site and CpG island? www.mad-cow.org/exon2 CpG sites or CG sites: a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a guanine nucleotide in DNA sequence. CpG islands or CG islands (CGI): genomic regions that contain a high frequency of CpG sites.

4. How to detect DNA methylation? whole-genome bisulphite sequencing (BisSeq) 4 Bisulfite sequencing from Wikipedia Highly parallel sequencing in the article. Blue Nucleotides are unmethylated cytosines converted to uracils by bisulfite, Red nucleotides are 5- methylcytosines resistant to conversion.

5. Mouse methylome Using Bis-Seq to obtain base-pair-resolution methylomes of mouse from embryonic stem (ES) cells and neuronal progenitors (NP). 77.3 billion mappable methylome bases by High- coverage Illumina sequencing. 5

6. Features of the mouse methylome 6 Bimodal distribution Distribution: not randomly but cluster locally Hidden Markov Model for classifying DNA methylation regions: fully methylated regions (FMRs) unmethylated regions (UMRs) low-methylated regions (LMRs) LMRs are generally not CpG islands: Lower CpG content; Shorter; Further reside distal to transcriptional start sites(TSS).

7. Features of the mouse methylome 7 Composite profile of CpG methylation A small percentage of LMRs overlap with CpG islands Distribution of the regions throughout the genome.

9. Why?

10. First

11. Interesting

12. Novel

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14. Solid

15. First Interesting Novel Different Solid Find s

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