1. 8.4 Learning and Culture Flourish

2. 1.Wrote the Divine Comedy 2.Wrote the Canterbury Tales 3.This method used reason to support Christian beliefs 4.Everyday language of the people 5.____ style cathedrals had flying buttresses (fill in the blank) a.Illumination e.Roland b.Chaucer f.Scholasticism c.Aquinas g.Bayeux d. Vernacular h.Alighieri

3. Objectives Explain the emergence of universities and their importance to medieval life. Understand how newly translated writings from the past and from other regions influenced medieval thought. Describe the literature, architecture, and art of the High and late Middle Ages.

4. Universities Emerge Improved economic and political conditions Where did schools begin? Church needs well educated clergy Royals need literate members of their governments Many Italian cities had medical schools as early as the early 900s

5. Early studies School days were very regimented Much learning was in Latin, using Latin texts. Why? Women were not permitted to attend universities, most men felt women had “natural gifts” away from the classroom.

6. Learning – the struggle between faith and reason Many “new” ideas were from the ancient Greece, that were translated by scholars – mostly of Muslim origin. Why? How did the writings of Aristotle impact learning? What is scholasticism?

7. Thomas Aquinas Sum Theologica – faith and reason can exist together God rules over an orderly universe Successfully brings together both the faith of Christianity and the Greek philosophy. Impact? How might people begin to look at their world differently?

8. Literature Utilizes the vernacular, Significance? Geoffrey Chaucer The Song of Roland – describes loyalty, and honor Dante Alighieri and the Divine Comedy (1300s) – Ethical work, your actions determine your afterlife

9. Canterbury Tales (late 14 th Century) This duc of whom I make mencioun,Whan he was come almoost unto the toun,In al his wele and in his mooste pride,He was war, as he caste his eye aside,Where that ther kneled in the hye weye A compaignye of ladyes, tweye and tweye,Ech after oother, clad in clothes blake;But swich a cry and swich a wo they make,That in this world nys creature lyvyngeThat herde swich another waymentynge; And of this cry they nolde nevere stenten,Til they the reynes of his brydel henten. "What folk been ye, that at myn hom- comyngePerturben so my feste with criynge?"Quod Theseus. "Have ye so greet envye Of myn honour, that thus compleyne and crye?Or who hath yow mysboden or offended?And telleth me if it may been amended,And why that ye been clothed thus in blak?"ductounwelewarEchoothercladblakeswich woherdeswichwaymentyngefesteQuod offendedblak

10. Romanesque to Gothic What are the characteristics of Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals? Stained glass window - Notre Dame, Paris

11. Illumination