1. Chapter 11: Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles

2. 100 200 300 400 500 600 Multiple Choices Fill-in-the-Blank True/False
Short Answer
Illustration
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3. Some chordates do not have: A. a notochord at some point in life B
Some chordates do not have: A. a notochord at some point in life B. gills C. a nerve cord D. pouches in the throat area at some point in life

4. Gills

5. An animal whose body temperature changes depending on the environment is called a(n): A. ectotherm B. endotherm C. vertebrate D. invertebrate

6. Ectotherm

7. The three major groups of fishes are distinguished from one another by the types of _________ they have. A. fins B. scales C. eggs D. skeletons

8. Skeletons

9. Gills and lungs enable __________ to get into an animals blood. A
Gills and lungs enable __________ to get into an animals blood. A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. urine D. water

10. Oxygen

11. Amphibian means: A. two tails B. double life C. scaly-skinned D
Amphibian means: A. two tails B. double life C. scaly-skinned D. three chambers

12. Double life

13. Most snakes have only one: A. external ear B. eye C. leg D. lung

14. Lung

15. ___________ groups descended from reptiles.

16. Mammals and birds

17. Unlike most fishes, most sharks __________

18. Cannot pump water over their gills

19. Small bones called __________ line up in a row to form the backbone.

20. Vertebrae

21. The skeletons of lampreys and hagfishes are made of ____________.

22. Cartilage

23. A __________ helps a bony fish stabilize its body at different depths in the water.

24. Swim bladder

25. __________ are reptiles whose bodies are covered by a protective shell.

26. Turtles

27. Most fishes have external fertilization. T or F (if F make it true)

28. True

29. A paleontologist is a scientist who studies reptiles
A paleontologist is a scientist who studies reptiles. T or F (if F make it true)

30. F; Fossils

31. During metamorphosis, most salamander larvae lose their lungs.

32. F; gills

33. An ectotherm is an animal whose body does not produce much internal heat. T or F (if F make it true)

34. True

35. An endotherm is an animal whose body regulates its own temperature
An endotherm is an animal whose body regulates its own temperature. T or F (if F make it true)

36. True

37. Reptile eggs have adaptations for conserving water, including a leathery shell and membrane. T or F (if F make it true)

38. True

39. Describe the eggs of fishes.

40. They are laid in water, and they are surrounded by a kind of jelly.

41. Describe amphibian eggs.

42. Fish and amphibian eggs are similar being laid in water and surrounded by a kind of jelly.

43. Describe three adaptations reptiles have for conserving water.

44. They have thick, tough skins covered with scales, eggs with shells and membranes, and kidneys that produce a concentrated urine.

45. Describe how an ectotherm could warm up when the air temperature is cold or cool down when the air temperature is hot.

46. It might move into the sunlight to warm up
It might move into the sunlight to warm up. It might crawl into water or dig underground to cool down.

47. Explain why amphibians are sensitive to changes in the environment.

48. Amphibians have thin skin and their eggs lack shells, so their bodies more easily absorb pollutants from water.

49. Explain why reptiles are sensitive to changes in the environment.

50. Reptiles have thick skin and eggs with shells, which provide more protection from pollutants.

51. If the layers are undisturbed, which rock layer is probably older, B or C? Explain your answer.
Site One
Site Two G H D I C B A E

52. B is probably older. Since the layers are undisturbed, layer B had to be in place before layer C could be laid on top of it.

53. Layer D contains vertebrate bones
Layer D contains vertebrate bones. Give a reason to explain why there no vertebrate bones in layers A, B, or C.
Site One
Site Two G G H H D D I I C C B B A A E E

54. Vertebrates did not exist when layers A, B, and C were laid down.

55. Which layer in Site 2 is probably the same age as layer B in Site 1
Which layer in Site 2 is probably the same age as layer B in Site 1? Explain your answer.
Site One
Site Two G G H H D D I I C C B B A A E E

56. Layer H is probably the same age as layer B, because the same two organisms were alive when both layers were laid down.

57. What type of animal is this? Fish, amphibian, reptile

58. Fishes

59. What type of animal is this? Fish, amphibian, reptile

60. Amphibian

61. What type of animal is this? Fish, amphibian, reptile

62. Reptile