1. Affordable Wireless Mobile Broadband Communication & Services Challenges & Key research areas Jens Zander Scientific Director Center for Wireless Systems Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden

2. Wireless Internet - the main 3G driver What is “Internet” ? –To “the man in the street” = Web-browsing - multimedia service platform –Interactive information services –Streaming audio/video –Rich exponentially growing content –For free….

3. The cost barrier N user = # of users B user = Bandwidth(Data rate) per user A service = Intended service area f(Q) = QoS-dependent capacity margin

4. Fundamental limitations - “Shannons brick wall” BW coverage 10K 100K 1M 10M 100M IndoorLocalWide areaGlobal GSM UMTS Satellit WLAN BT Body/ Personal Equicost/Equipower line ?

5. The two industries…... Key objective: –Assertain Service Quality –Simple, basic services Solution: –Service guarantees at network level –Application taylored systems Consequence: –High efficiency –Low flexibility The Telecom -Approach

6. The two industries…... Physical layer Link layer Network IP Transport TCP, UDP Applications Physical layer Link layer Network IP Transport TCP, UDP Applications Key objective: –Assertain functionality & transparancy –Complex services Solution: –Layered architecture –Encapsulation –Hide underlying implementation Consequence: –Overhead –Poor performance –Almost no guarantees The DATACOM -Approach

7. The fundamental problem of the traditional telecom industry…... Physical layer Link layer Network IP Transport TCP, UDP Applications Physical layer Link layer Network IP Transport TCP, UDP Applications Cost Revenue

8. Conclusions - Rationale Affordability- not expected user demands - is the key driver for consumers Applications are developed fast Infrastructure deployment is slow Applications/terminals (software & Moores law) can & will adapt to infrastructure deficiencies

9. Breaking the cost barrier Sacrifice bandwidth/compatibility ? (Lower B) Sacrifice uniform coverage (Lower A) Sacrifice QoS guarantees (Lower f(Q) - delay, availability..)

10. ”Infrastructure” cost factors

11. 2 paths to affordable infrastructure Adaptive Infrastructure Ad-hoc Infrastructure Flexible: Adapt to various services Given applications - adaptive network More efficient - less overprovisioning of resoruces Fewer base stations - lower cost Adaptive applications - given network Less QoS guarantees - less resources need to be provided More base stations - radically lower deployement cost

12. Affordable infrastructure Example 1: Smart applications nLow rate everywhere n“Infinite” bandwidth - almost nowhere nVery low cost nAdaptive, Smart & Memory intensive applications! nIdeal for consumer applications Moore laws applies to Memory size & MIPS - not to cables & concrete

13. Example 2: Self-deployed/ Ad-hoc networking Cost reduction –Multi-operator or User-deployed –Self-organizing - organic growth –Multihop forwarding reduce wired access network cost Partial & sporadic coverage Dynamic sharing of the unlicensed spectrum with (almost) no QoS guarantees The “true wireless internet”!

14. Some key research issues Adapting multimedia applications - –surviving without QoS guarantees & overprovisioning Unlicensed / Multi-operator/ Ad- hoc/Multistandard spectrum sharing Scalability –Wireless communication everywhere and between every device ? Business models for ubiquitous computing and communication

15. Research Roadmap Short term ‘02Medium Term ‘03-04Long Term ‘05 - Physical layer Access Network Architecure & Resources Networks Services & Applications Mobile Service Platforms Large Scale Ad-hoc Networks Ubiquitous Services & Sensors GB-radio transmission MIMO Self-deployed systems MultiQoS RRM Vision Demonstrator ABC/Multiradio Multidescription Coding EMC & Human Interaction Business Models for Ubiquitous Services Infrastructure Business Models Spectrum Management & Licensing Adaptive Radio Adaptive Infrastructure SmartMedia Low cost Ad-hoc Network Architecture Context Aware Services Informed Audio/Video Coding ScalabilityMobility Management Memory intensive apps