1. ECE-1466 Modern Optics Course Notes Part 4
Prof. Charles A. DiMarzio
Northeastern University
Spring 2002
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

2. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Polarized Light
Starting Point
Maxwell’s Equations
Homogeneous Medium
Isotropic Medium
Solution
Plane Waves
Transverse Fields
Eigenstates
General Solution y y or x x y z E x
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3. Some Mechanisms of Interaction
Dielectric Interface
Oblique Incidence
Scattering
Material Properties
Linear Birefringence
Circular Birefringence, AKA Optical Activity
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

4. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Linear Polarization x E q y
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5. Circular Polarizationx E wt -y
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6. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Unpolarized Light Ex Ey
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7. Polarizing Components
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8. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Fresnel Reflection
Boundary Conditions
Dnormal=
Dnormal
e0Enormal
e0Enormal
e0Etangential
Dtangential=
e0Etangential
Dtangential
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

9. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Polarization Labels
Plane of Incidence
Normal & Incident Ray
P-Polarization (TM)
E Parallel to Plane of Incidence
S-Polarization (TE)
E Senkrecht = Perpendicular to Plane of Incidence Er Hr Hr Et Er Ht Ht Et Ei Hi Hi Ei
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10. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
S-Polarization (1)
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

11. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
S-Polarization (2)
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

12. Fresnel Coefficient Summary
Example
Fresnel Reflection: Air to Glass, n=1.5 1 tp
0.5 ts rp rs
-0.5 -1 20 40 60 80 q
, Angle, Degrees
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

13. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Special Angles 1 2 3 4 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
n, Index of refraction
Angle, Degrees
Critical Angle (medium to air)
Brewster’s Angle
(air to medium)
Brewster’s
Angle (medium to air)
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

14. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Power Coefficients
Fresnel Reflection: Air to Water, n=1.33 TP TS -5
R, T, dB
-10 RS
-15 RP
-20 20 40 60 80 q
, Angle, Degrees
April 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

15. Fresnel Reflection Examples (1)
Air to Glass
Air to ZnSe (IR) 20 40 60 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1
Fresnel Reflection: Air to Glass, n=1.5 q
, Angle, Degrees
R, T 20 40 60 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1
Fresnel Reflection: Air to ZnSE in IR, n=2.4 q
, Angle, Degrees
R, T TP TP TS TS RS RS RP RP
April 02002
Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

16. Fresnel Reflection Examples (2)
Glass to Air Amplitude
Glass to Air Phase 20 40 60 80
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8 1
Fresnel Reflection: Glass, n=1.5, to Air q
, Angle, Degrees
R, T RS RP TS TP 20 40 60 80
100
-200
-150
-100
-50 50
150
200
Fresnel Reflection: Glass, n=1.5, to Air q
, Angle, Degrees
Phase, Degrees RP RS TS TP
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17. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Device Applications
Device
Input
in Eigenvectors
of Device
Output
End
Views
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University

18. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Wire Grid Polarizers
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19. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Polaroid H Sheets
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20. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Waveplates (1)
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21. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Waveplates (2)
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22. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
E/O Modulator
eipV/Vp
e-ipV/Vp
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23. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Optical Activity
Device
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24. Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University
Fresnel Rhomb 20 40 60 80
100
-200
-150
-100
-50 50
150
200
Fresnel Reflection: Glass, n=1.5, to Air q
, Angle, Degrees
Phase, Degrees RS RP
45 Deg
Functions as QWP
True Phase Shift rather than Time Delay
Broadband: Limited only by material Dispersion
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Chuck DiMarzio, Northeastern University