1. 1990-1999 Joanne Haggar Chelsea Townsend Maggie High Jocelyn Thankachan

2. Historical Events 1989-1993- President George H. W. Bush 1993-2001- President Bill Clinton 1990- World Wide Web invented 1991- Collapse of the Soviet Union 1992- Official end of the Cold War 1997- Scientists clone sheep Health Care Events 1990- Human Genome Project was established 1990- Nutrition Labeling Education Act 1990- Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency (CARE) Act 1991 - AOTA Accreditation Committee changed its name to AOTA Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE) 1993- President Clinton proposes a national insurance Health Security Plan 1993- Vaccine for Children Program 1996-1997- Medical Savings Account plan was introduced 1997 - ACOTE accreditation to OT programs outside the US

3. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 Goal: Include people with disabilities into the mainstream of American life Areas: Public accommodations, public transportation, telecommunications, employment, and state and local government services Occupational therapists consulted with public institutions and employees to help them comply with the new laws of ADA Examples  Restaurants  Public Transportation

4. Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1990- Replaced the Education of the Handicapped Act All children with disabilities are entitled to a free appropriate public education Requires Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for each child Occupational therapists incorporate IEPs into treatment Amendments of 1997

5. HIPAA Protects privacy New technologies pose new security risks OT’s to keep records secure

6. Balanced Budget Act of 1997 Purpose Enacted by Bill Clinton Intended to tighten Medicare payments to health care providers/plans, protecting and cutting taxes for middle class families Extends health insurance coverage for millions of children What it means for OT Affects how much therapy a person can get each year, preventing them to live life to its fullest Affects nursing homes, hospitals, clinics, and rehabilitation agencies In 2013, cap is set at $1900 for occupational therapy services

7. Florence Clark (Slagle Lecture 1993) Associate Dean, Chair member, and Professor at USC Well Elderly Studies at USC  Lead researcher  OT and the aging process Occupational story-telling (past)  Means by which therapists can better understand the person as a whole, instead of just a patient Occupational story-making (future)  Creating stories for the future  Problems and solutions Find occupations that join the old self with the new self

8. Catherine A. Trombly (Slagle Lecture 1995) “Both occupation-as-end and occupation-as-means garner their therapeutic impact from the qualities of purposefulness and meaningfulness” (Trombly, 1995). Co-author of Occupational Therapy for Physical Dysfunction

9. David Nelson (Slagle Lecture 1996) Defines occupation as “the relationship between an occupational form and occupational performance.” Occupational performance- “the doing” Occupational form- “the thing, or format, that is done” Subjective aspects of occupation: Meaning Purpose Model of Practice Recommendations for the future of OT: Greater influence on research Support the idea of occupation as therapy

10. Anne Fisher (Slagle Lecture 1998) Occupation: A noun of action Occupation is an “…activity that is both meaningful and purposeful to the person who engages in it” (Fisher, 1998). Intervention Process Model  Use of top-down approach to evaluate  Serves as a framework for healthcare practitioners

11. References Clark, F. (1993). Occupation embedded in a real life: Interweaving occupational science and occupational therapy. Retrieved from https://www.aota.org/- /media/Corporate/Files/Publications/AJOT/Slagle/1993.pdf https://www.aota.org/- /media/Corporate/Files/Publications/AJOT/Slagle/1993.pdf Driscoll, A., & Nagel, N. (2010, July 20). Individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA). Education.com. Retrieved from http://www.education.com/reference/article/individuals- disabilities-education-act/http://www.education.com/reference/article/individuals- disabilities-education-act/ Fisher, A. (1998). Uniting practice and theory in an occupational framework. Retrieved from https://www.aota.org/-/media/Corporate/Files/Publications/AJOT/Slagle/1998.pdf https://www.aota.org/-/media/Corporate/Files/Publications/AJOT/Slagle/1998.pdf History of AOTA Accreditation. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.aota.org/education- careers/accreditation/overview/history.aspxhttp://www.aota.org/education- careers/accreditation/overview/history.aspx Individuals with disabilities education act (IDEA). (2014, January 1). Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/about/gr/issues/disability/idea.aspx http://www.apa.org/about/gr/issues/disability/idea.aspx Kornblau, B. (2000). Occupational therapy and the americans with disabilities act (ada). American Journal of Occupational Therapy 54(6) 622-625

12. References Nelson, D. L. (1997). Why the profession of occupational therapy will flourish in the 21 st century. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 51, 11-24. Occupational Therapy in School Settings. (2010, January 1). AOTA.org. Retrieved from http://www.aota.org//media/Corporate/Files/AboutOT/Professionals/WhatIsOT/CY/Fact Sheets/School%20Settings%20fact%20sheet.pdf http://www.aota.org//media/Corporate/Files/AboutOT/Professionals/WhatIsOT/CY/Fact Sheets/School%20Settings%20fact%20sheet.pdf Office of the Professions. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2014. Summary of the HIPAA Security Rule. (n.d.). Retrieved September 15, 2014. The Medicare part B outpatient therapy caps. (2014, January 15). Retrieved from http://www.aota.org/-/media/corporate/files/conferencedocs/hillday/medicaretherapycap- onepager-2013 http://www.aota.org/-/media/corporate/files/conferencedocs/hillday/medicaretherapycap- onepager-2013 Trombly, C. (1995). Occupation: Purposefulness and meaningfulness as therapeutic mechanisms. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 960-972.