1. Engineering materials

2. Materials and civilization Materials have always been an integral part of human culture and civilizations.

3. Mechanical properties of materials 1.Strength strength may be defined as the property of materials by virtue of which it can withstands or support an external force or load without rupture. Types of strength Tensile strength- Compressive strength Shear strength Bending strength Torsion strength

4. Elasticity- It is a property of the loaded metallic part to regain its original shape after removal of load Plasticity- It is permanent deformation which take place inside the material. It is opposite to elasticity.

5. Toughness- It is the strength with which material opposes to rupture itself. If the metal has good ductility and has a high elastic limit the metal is said to be tough Ductility – It is the property of material by virtue of which it can undergo considerable plastic deformation before fracture. Due to this property the wires are being manufactured.

6. Malleability – It is the property by virtue of which a material could be drawn into thin sheet. It is special form of ductility. Brittleness- A material which lack ductility, fracture without much elongation is known as brittle. Brittle and ductile are opposite in nature

7. Hardness- It is defined as the resistance of materials to penetrate. It embraces many different properties such as the resistance to wear, scratching, deformation etc. Fatigue- the failure and fracture of the material under repeatedly applied stress is said to have occurred because of fatigue.

8. Creep- It is slow plastic deformation of the metal under constant stress at high temperature. Machineability- It defined as property of metal which indicates the ease with which can be cut or removed by cutting tools.

9. Weldability- Which indicates the ease with which two similar or dissimilar metals are joined by fusion. castability- which indicates the ease with which it is casted into different shapes and sizes from its liquid states.

10. Formability- The ability of materials to be formed into different shapes is known as formability. It is based upon the flow ability and ductility of the metal.