2. 4 Drawing Instruments and Technical Sketching Chapter

3. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Multiview Drawing Multiview drawing contains enough views of structure to represent its true size and shape from all sides All structures can be viewed from six basic sides –Six sides: above, below, front, back, left side, right side

4. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Multiview Drawing

5. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Orthographic Projection Orthographic projection is the most basic drafting technique. Orthographic projection is a means of representing the height, width, and depth of a three-dimensional object on two-dimensional paper. Orthographic projection shows structure at true size and shape using top, front, and right side view.

6. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Three Principal Views The three principal views in orthographic projection are the top, front, and right side views. In architectural drafting, the views are similar but have different names. –The top view of a house is called a plan view; used as the basis for most other drawings.

7. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Three Principal Views –The floor plan is a top view in section taken about half way up the wall. –The front elevation in architectural drafting is the same as the front view in mechanical drafting. –Architectural drafters ordinarily draw a view of each side of the structure, which are called elevations.

8. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Plan Views Top view of a structure is the plan view –Basis for most other views in set of working drawings Floor plan is frame of reference for all other views –It is a horizontal section view

9. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Plan Views

10. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Floor Plan

11. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Elevations Architectural drafters ordinarily draw a view of each side of the structure Elevations are named according to directional relationship to the site or simply front, rear, left, and right elevations

12. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. How Elevations are Projected

13. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Lines Used in Architectural Drawing The alphabet of lines –Border lines –Object lines –Hidden line –Centerline –Dimension line –Long break line –Short break line –Cutting-plane line –Section line –Guidelines –Construction line –Leaders –Extension line

14. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Alphabet of Lines

15. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Alphabet of Lines

16. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Line Type Application

17. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Letter Size Most lettering should be 1/8" or 3/32 " high Use only capital letters Titles are lettered larger with bold underlines