1. Something to Think About  Please take the next five minutes to address the following questions on a piece of paper: What is learning? What is learning? What are some things that you have learned throughout your life (not just formally or in school)? What are some things that you have learned throughout your life (not just formally or in school)? How have you learned these things? How have you learned these things?

2. Chapter 5 Learning  Relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from past experience

3. Classical Conditioning  Ivan Pavlov – Russian physiologist  Repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with a response- producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the same response

5. Pavlov’s Dogs

6. Classical Terminology  Neutral Stimulus (NS): does not initially elicit a response  Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): elicits a certain, predictable response; automatic  Unconditioned Response (UCR): natural reaction to a stimulus; automatic  Conditioned Stimulus (CS): once neutral, but after being paired with a UCS, it elicits a response; learned  Conditioned Response (CR): learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus; learned

8. Classical Diagram (UCS)  (UCR) (NS) + (UCS)  (UCR) (CS)  (CR) Pavlov’s Dogs (UCS) meat  (UCR) salivate (NS) bell + (UCS) meat  (UCR) salivate (CS) bell  (CR) salivate

11. CC with Puddy!  (UCS)  (UCR) Squeak!  (NS) +(UCS)  (UCR) Squeak!  (CS)  (CR)Squeak!

12. Expanding Classical Conditioning  Generalization: responding to a second stimulus that’s similar to the original CS  Discrimination: ability to distinguish between different stimuli  Extinction: gradual disappearance of a CR when the CS is repeatedly presented without the UCS  Spontaneous recovery: reappearance of a previously extinguished response after time without exposure to the CS

13. More Classical Conditioning  John Watson  Behaviorism: emphasizes observable behaviors  Little Albert  CC Drug Effects Caffeine + smell Caffeine + smell Placebo response Placebo response  Taste aversion