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D.N.A Describe how you would go about genetically engineering a bacterium to produce human epidermal growth factor (EGF), a protein used in treating burns. Use the following vocabulary words: DNA ligage, E.coli, plasmids, restriction enzymes
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CLASSWORK Chapter 10 Review (1-7) Chapter 11 Review (1-8)
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Protein Synthesis Jeopardy
Biotechnology Transcription RNA Processing Translation Mutations 10 20 30 40 50
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This is used to cut DNA at a specific location for splicing
RESTRICTION ENZYME Category
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This occurs when DNA in which genes from different sources are combined
Recombinant DNA Category
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A small piece of bacterial DNA used for gene transfer
Plasmid
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Electrophoresis is use to…
1 2 3 4 Electrophoresis is use to… Separate fragments of DNA
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A genetic marker is… A place where a restriction enzyme cuts DNA A chart that traces the family history of a genetic trait A nucleotide sequence near a particular gene A radioactive probe used to find a gene An enzyme used to cut DNA
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This is the site of transcription in eukaryotes.
Inside the nucleus
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This is the enzyme that carries out the process of transcribing RNA from the DNA molecule
RNA polymerase
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Before leaving the nucleus as mRNA, extra nucleotides are added to the ends of the transcript, and noncoding regions called ______ are removed INTRONS
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A sequence of 3 bases on mRNA is also known as this.
CODON
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This is the transcribed mRNA sequence for the following DNA strand:
‘3 T A C G A A 5’ A U G C U U
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These types of cells do NOT undergo RNA processing
PROKARYOTE
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These are the respective names of the protective segments added onto the 5’ leader and 3’ trailer end of the mRNA Cap and Tail
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These are the respective names of coding and non-coding segments of the pre-mRNA
Intron and Exons
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This is the cutting and pasting process in which coding sequence is put together
RNA splicing
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These are RNA molecules that act like enzymes and catalyze some RNA splicing
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This is the site of translation in all cells
RIBOSOME
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Translation of the “words” of the mRNA message into the ____________ sequence of a protein
Amino acids
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During the process of translation, _______ matches a nucleic acid codon with the proper amino acid
Transfer RNA
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This is the name for the 3 bases on the bottom of the tRNA molecule
ANTICODON
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Explain the translocation step of TRANSLATION
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Explain what base substitution is and give an example of a disease that is caused by this type of mutation Replacement of one nucleotide with another – sickle cell anemia
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Adding or the deletion of nucleotides may alter the ____________ (triplet grouping) of the message
Reading frame
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What type of frameshift mutation is seen below?
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Imagine an error occurring during DNA replication in a cell, so that where there is supposed to be a T in one of the genes there is instead a G. What effect will this probably have on the cell?
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Which type of mutation – a base substitution or a base deletion is likely to have the greatest effect on the organism? Why?
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