3. 一般现在时的被动语态 : am ／ is ／ are done am ／ is ／ are done 一般过去时 : 一般过去时的被动语态 : was ／ were done was ／ were done 一般将来时 : 一般将来时的被动语态 : will ／ shall be ＋ done will ／ shall be ＋ done 现在完成时 现在完成时的被动语态 : Basketball is played by people all over the world. A party was held (by them) last Sunday. You will be fined if you go wrong have / has + been + done The bridge has been built for two years.

5. must throw should cook Rubbish __________ __________________ into the bin. into the bin. Food _________________ before eating. before eating. must must be thrown be thrown should be cooked should be cooked

6. The classroom should be cleaned The exit may be stuck may stick ( 粘贴 ) ________________________ on the side door. ________________________ every day. should clean

7. RULE 1 We use ‘____________________’ + past participle to form the passive voice with modal verbs （情态动词）. modal verbs + be

8. Passive voice with modal verbs (can, may, must and should) Subject Modal verb Modal verb Past participle I Can (may, must, should) behelped. You/We/Th ey Can (may, must, should) be He/She/It be e.g. The work can be finished in an hour.

9. 含有情态动词的被动语态结构为： 肯定式： 主语 + can / may / must +be ＋动过分 否定式： 主语 + can / may / must + not be + 动过分 一般疑问句结构： Can / May / Must + 主语 + be + 动过分 ?

11. 树木已经被砍伐了（ cut down) ________________________ 河水已经被污染了（ pollute) _______________________ Trees have been cut down. Water in the river has been polluted.

12. 米饭已经做好了. ________________________________ 画已经画好了. ____________________________________ Rice has been cooked already. The picture has been drawn already.

13. 现在完成时被动语态肯定句 主语 +has/ have been +V.P.P.+...(V.P.P.= 动词的过 去分词形式 ) Her motorbike has been stolen. 她的摩托车被盗了。 现在完成时被动语态否定句 现在完成时被动语态否定句 主语 +has/ have +not+ been+ V. P.P. +... 主语 +has/ have +not+ been+ V. P.P. +... The task has not been finished yet. The task has not been finished yet. 任务尚未完成。 任务尚未完成。 RULE 2

14. 现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句 [ 句型 1] Has he (she, it, 单数名词 )+been+ V.P.P.+...? [ 句型 2] Have we ( you, they, 复数名词） + been + V.P.P. +….? Has a new computer been bought? Have they been sent abroad to study English?

15. RULE 2 现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句 疑问词 +have (has)+ 主语 +been+ P.P.+...? What has been bought by Tom? Who have been helped by the new computer? How many buildings have been built in this school? Where has the car been repaired?

16. 1. We use ‘____________’ or ‘_______________’ + past participle to form the passive voice in the present perfect tense.( 现在完成时） 2. We use ‘____________________’ + past participle to form the passive voice with modal verbs. （情态动词） has been have been modal verbs + be Summary

17. Turn the following into the Passive Voice. 1.We have planted some trees around the lake. Some trees have been planted around the lake. 2. My father has locked the door. The door has been locked. 3. Someone has turned off the light. The light has been turned off. 4. They have rebuilt the bridge. The bridge has been rebuilt. Practice

18. 1.The rivers smells terrible People must ___dirty things into it. A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop form throwing 2. Paper ____first invented in China. A. is B. are C. was D. were 3. — Do you like the flower ? — Yes, it ____sweet. A. is smelling B. smelt C. is smelt D. smells 4. It snowed heavily last night. The ground ___ thick snow. A. was covered with B. was filled with C. was made of D. covered withExercises:

19. 5. The light in the room ____before you leave. A. must turn of B. will turn off C. are turned D. must be turned off 6. The bridge _____since three weeks ago. A. has been build B. was built C. will be built D. builds 7. The old men and the children must ____ in our country. A. take good care B. be taken good care C. take good care of D. be taken good care of 8. Paul doesn’t have to be made___. He always works hard. A.learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

20. 9. The girl was unhappy because she ___by some boys in the class. A. is laughed B. was laughed C. laughed at D. was laughed at 10. We __that the English test ___ next Monday. A. are told, gives B. tell, will give C. are told, will be given D. told, is going to be given 11. Great changes ___ place in China since 1980. A. have been taken B. have taken C. has been taken D. took