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Published byGeorgina Greer Modified over 9 years ago
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The Genetic Code Objective: F2 - Explain … process of transcription & translation …, describe the role of DNA & RNA during protein synthesis, & recognize that gene expression is a regulated process
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Using the Genetic Code A. Codon – 3 nitrogen bases of mRNA in a row that code for a specific amino acid B. Genetic code – a chart that shows the amino acids that correspond to the codons of mRNA
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C. How nucleotides are read – 3 at one time 1.3 DNA nucleotides = CAT 2. 3 mRNA nucleotides = 3.tRNA nucleotides = CAU GUA
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D. Reading the Genetic Code 1. 1st letter (base) of the codon = G 2. 2nd letter (base) of the codon = U 3. 3rd letter (base) of the codon = A Using the genetic code on the front, which amino acid does the above codon produce? ________ Valine
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E. To “make” a protein 1. Transcribe the given DNA strand into mRNA 2. Look up the mRNA codons on the Genetic Code table
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Practice: DNA sequenceTAC AAA GTA TGG GGC ATC 1. Transcribe into mRNA 2. Translate into an amino acid sequence AUG UUU CAU ACC CCG UAG Met- Phe- His- Thr- Pro- stop
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DNA mRNA codon tRNA anticodon Amino acid 4.Tryptophan (TRP) 5.AGA 6.TTT 7.UGA UGGACCACC UCUAGASerine AAAUUULysine ACTACU Stop
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Although there are only 20 amino acids in the human body, thousands of proteins exist because the sequence and number of amino acids are different.
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