2. EARTH

3. LAYERS OF THE EARTH

4. CRUST (LITHOSPHERE) OCEANIC PLATES CONTINENTAL PLATES

5. CRUST(LITHOSPHERE) OCEANIC - IS ABOUT 10K THICK AND MADE UP OF ROCK WITH IRON AND MAGNESIUM CAUSED BY VOLCANIC ACTION. IT IS VERY DENSE CONTINENTAL- IS ABOUT 30-50 K THICK AND MADE OF IGNEOUS, METAMORPHIC, AND SEDIMENTARY ROCK. IT IS LESS DENSE.

6. PLATES TECTONICS THERE ARE 12 PLATES. CONVECTION CURRENTS IN THE MANTLE MOVE THE PLATES. THE PLATES MOVE JUST A FEW INCHES EACH YEAR.

7. The plates move because of convection currents in the asthenosphere. http://wc.pima.edu/~bfiero/tucsonecology/setting/images/convce lls01.gif

8. ASTHENOSPHERE IT IS JUST BELOW THE CRUST. IT IS WEAKENED BY HEAT. IT IS WITHOUT STRENGTH. CONVECTION CURRENTS ALLOW THE PLATES ON TOP OF IT TO MOVE.

9. 3 Types of Plate Boundaries: http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc 101/boundaries.gif

10. Great Rift Valley

11. Himalayan Mountains

12. Subduction Zones http://www.smarterscience.net/challengerd eep.html

13. UPPER MANTLE IT IS 400KM THICK MADE OF ROCK RICH IN IRON AND MAGNESIUM. IT IS MUCH DENSER THAN THE CRUST.

14. LOWER MANTLE IT IS ABOUT 1900 KM THICK. CONTAINS A GREATER AMOUNT OF IRON. MAKES UP 41% OF THE EARTH’S MASS

15. OUTER CORE IT IS MADE UP OF LIQUID METAL. IT IS ABOUT 2100 KM THICK. IT MAKES UP ABOUT 30% OF THE EARTH’S MASS.

16. INNER CORE MADE UP OF HARD METAL. IT IS ABOUT 1300 KM THICK. IT IS 2% OF THE EARTH’S TOTAL MASS.

17. EARTH’S INNER LAYERS There are distinct layers to the earth’s interior. Heavier elements tend to sink to the core Lighter elements rise toward the surface More is known about the crust than the mantle and core. What we believe is true about the mantle and core comes from studying seismology.

18. SEISMOGRAPH IT IS USED TO MEASURE THE MOTIONS OF THE GROUND.

19. Transform Transform Fault San Andreas Fault Convergent (Collision) Folded Mountains Himalayas Appalachian Mts Rocky Mts Convergent (Subduction Zone) Trenches Volcanoes Mountains Mariana Trench Mt. St. Helens Andes Mountains Divergent Seafloor Spreading Rift Zone New Ocean floor Mid-Ocean Ridge Red Sea Great Rift Valley

20. QUESTIONS???