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Marine Animals Without Backbones

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Presentation on theme: "Marine Animals Without Backbones"— Presentation transcript:

1 Marine Animals Without Backbones
Chapter 6 Marine Animals Without Backbones

2 Protista Single cellular eukaryotes & multicellular algae

3 Heterotrophic of animal-like protists
Protozoa Heterotrophic of animal-like protists

4 Protozoan with a calcium carbonate shell
Foraminiferans Protozoan with a calcium carbonate shell

5

6 Protozoan with a glass shell
Radiolarians Protozoan with a glass shell

7

8 Ciliates Protozoan with hairlike structures on its surface that is used for mobility

9

10 Pseudopodia False feet Oozing cytoplasm

11 Fine sediment on the ocean floor
Ooze Fine sediment on the ocean floor

12 Calcareous Ooze Fine sediment made up of calcium carbonate

13 Siliceous Ooze Fine sediment from silicates or silicone dioxide

14 Diatomaceous Ooze Fine sediment from diatom shells

15 Foramaceous Ooze Fine sediment made from the shells of forams

16 Radiolarian Ooze Fine sediment made from radiolarian shells

17 Animalia Multicellular complex heterotrophs No cell wall
No Chloroploasts

18 Animals with backbones
Vertebrates Animals with backbones

19 Animals without backbones
Invertebrates Animals without backbones

20 Sponge Phylum: Porifera

21 Characteristics Simplest animal, No true tissue, Little symmetry, Pores, Sessile as adult, protein skeleton, spicules, regeneration, sex & asex

22

23

24 Protein skeleton in sponges
Spongin Protein skeleton in sponges

25 Glass barbs emitted by sponges when you rub against one
Spicules Glass barbs emitted by sponges when you rub against one

26 Sessile Attached to a surface

27 Osculum Opening at the top of a sponge
Water forced out through osculum

28 Organisms that feed on suspended particles
Suspension Feeders Organisms that feed on suspended particles

29 Organisms that filter particles out of the water
Filter Feeders Organisms that filter particles out of the water

30 Types of Sponges Boring Sponge Glass Sponge Encrusting sponge
Bath sponge

31

32 Jellies Phylum: Cnidaria Coelenterata
Jellies, coral, sea anemones, hydras

33 Characteristics Tissue but no organs, transparent jelly-like body, radial symmetry, tentacles, stinging cells sexual & asexual

34 Medusa Bell shaped drifting body with tentacles hanging below

35 Polyp Tubular shaped body Attached to a surface at one end
Tentacles point out

36 Radial Symmetry Symmetry like a circle or ball, one slice may be cut out of the circle that is identical to other slices

37

38 Nematocysts Stinging cells

39

40 Planula Larval stage of Cnidarians that is planktonic

41 Classes of Cniderians Hydrozoa Anthozoa Scyphozoa Siphonophora

42 Hydrozoa Willowy polyp Hydras

43 Anthozoa Muscular polyp Sea anemones, & coral

44 Scyphozoa Medusa Jelly fish or jellies

45 Siphonophora Floating colonies with gas filled bell & hanging tentacles Portugese Man-of-war

46 Comb Jellies Ctenophora Radially symmetrical with eight rows of cilia

47 Flat Worms Phylum: Platyhelminthes
Organs & crude systems, Bilateral symmetry, flattened body

48 Bilateral Symmetry Bodies are arranged into two identical halfs
Left & right

49

50 Cephalization Head formation Anterior end

51 Anterior: front end Posterior End: rear end Dorsal: Upper surface Ventral: Lower surface

52 Round Worms Phylum: Nematoda
Good system formation, mostly parasitic, bilateral symmetry, head formation, many species

53 Segmented Worms Phylum: Annelida
Segmented body, good systems, parapodia

54 Others: Spiculida: peanut worms Pogonophora, bearded worms
Chaetognatha: Arrow worms Bryazoa: mossy animals Brachiopoda: lamp shells

55 Molluscs Phylum: Mollusca

56 Characteristics Soft body, muscular foot, rasping tongue, mantle, bilateral symmetry, well developed brain, sexual reproduction

57 Thin layer of tissue that produces the shell
Mantle Thin layer of tissue that produces the shell

58 Radula Small ribbon of teeth used to rasp material off a surface
Rasping tongue

59

60 Classes of Molluscs Gastropoda Bivalvia Cephalopoda Polyplacophora

61 Gastropoda Stomach foot Snails & slugs

62 Bivalvia Two shells Clams, oysters, scallops, & mussels

63 Cephalopodia Head foot Octopus & Squid

64 Polyplacophora Turtle like Chitons

65 Byssal Threads Strong threads secreted by mussels that attach to hard surfaces & hold mussels in place

66 Arthropods Phylum: Arthropoda Insects, spiders, crustaceans, etc
Armored achievers

67 Characteristics Segmented body, jointed legs, exoskeleton, antenna, metamorphosis, bilateral symmetry, molts

68 Crustacea Subphylum of Sea insects All characteristics including gills
Crabs, lobsters, etc.

69 Types of Crustaceans Copepods * Krill Amphipods * Decapods
Isopods * Horseshoe crbs Barnicles * Sea spiders

70 Copepods Microscopic crustaceans Extremely abundant

71 Amphipods < 1 inch long Beach hoppers Sand crabs

72 Isopods Same size as amphipods Pill bugs, roly-poly bugs

73 Barnicles Filter feeders that attach to a surface
Cone shaped when attached

74 Krill Planktonic shrimp-like crustaceans < 5 cm Very abundant
Whale food

75 Decapods Ten legged crustaceans we love to eat, scavengers & bottom feeders Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, crawfish, etc.

76 Zoea Larval stage of a crab

77

78 Echinoderms sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, etc
Phylum: Echinodermata sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, etc

79 Characteristics Penta-radial symmetry, water vascular system, endoskeleton, tubular feet, spiny skin, regeneration

80

81 Classes of Echinoderms
Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoidea Crinoidea Holothuroidea

82 Asteroidea Muscular stars Normal star fish

83 Ophiuroidea Brittle stars Willowy stars

84 Echinoidea Spiney stars sea urchins & sand dollars

85 Crinoidea Feathery stars Crinoids

86 Holothuroidea Tubular stars Sea cucumbers

87 Others Hemichords: acorn worm
Protochords: spinal cord, but no backbone Urochords: tunicates Cephalochords: Lancelets

88 Chordata Spinal cord


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