1. Animal Kingdom Notes Part I

2. Basics! Vertebrate – has a backbone –FEEL YOURS! Invertebrate – no backbone (simpler animals)

3. Basics! Endoskeleton – internal skeleton Exoskeleton – external skeleton

4. Basics Radial symmetry – an organism can be “cut” into two halves by placing a line anywhere through the middle (think pizza or pie) Bilateral symmetry- an organism can be “cut” into two halves using only one line through the middle (think a slice of pizza or pie)

5. Invertebrates Porifera (sponges) Cnidarians Platyhelminthes (flatworms) Nematodes (roundworms) Annelids (segmented worms) Mollusks Echinoderms Arthropods

6. Porifera Examples: Sponges Don’t move…filter feed. Called “poriferans” because bodies are made out of pores (feed through them). Reproduction – sexual or asexual, one way they can reproduce asexually is through regeneration STRUCTURE Collar cells – also called chaonocytes, have collar of cytoplasm around the flagella, help maintain flow of water through body

7. Spicules – hard, needle-like support structures that support their bodies. **Made out of spongin Amoebocyte – cells carry food around and help the sponges reproduce Porifera do not any true tissues or organs

8. Porifera Diversity!

9. Cnidarians Cnidarians – having stinging cells, hollow body cavities, and radial symmetry Examples: Jellyfish, Hydra Cnidarians have: –Tentacles –Nematocysts (stinging cells) Two possible shapes: –Medusa umbrella-shaped, tentacles down –Polyp cup like form, tentacles up ARKive - Brown hydra video

10. Cnidarians Made up of 2 layers Gastrovascular cavity is where digestion occurs Body has specialized tissues: –Digestive –Muscle –Nerve –Sensory

11. Stinging Cells! VIDEO: Giant Lion's Mane Jellyfish Stings 150 New Hampshire Beachgoers - ABC News

12. Cnidarian Diversity!