1. Chapter 3: Vertebrates Animals with backbones
Skeletons inside their body
Spinal cord: bundle of nerves down animal’s back
Spinal cord connects the brain to nerves in body
Two Main Types: cold-blooded & warm-blooded

2. Cold-Blooded Vertebrates
Three basic types:
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles

3. Fish Cold-blooded: body temperature changes
Bodies are streamlined and covered with scales
Use fins for swimming
Gills for breathing
Two-chambered heart
3 Groups of fish

4. Three Fish Types Bony Skeleton Cartilage Opening Jaws
Trout, Cod, Perch
Cartilage Opening Jaws
Sharks, Skates, Rays
Cartilage, No Jaws
Lamprey, Hagfish

5. Amphibians “Double life” live part in water/part land
Cold-blooded environment controls body temperature
Three-chambered heart
Lay eggs in moist areas or in moist foam
Breathe through skin and lungs

6. Amphibian Examples Without Tails With Tails Frogs, Toads
When young—live in water and have gills
Grow legs, lungs develop, gills disappear, tail shrinks.
With Tails
Salamanders, Newts
Have tails

7. Reptiles Cold-blooded – live on land 3 Major Groups
Snakes and lizards, Crocodiles, Turtles
Body covered with scales and waterproof skin
Breathe air through lungs
Three-chambered heart

8. Snakes and Lizards
Smell & detect body heat w/sense organs on tongue

9. Crocodiles Includes alligators Find both in Florida
Crocodile snout is pointed
Alligator snout is rounded

10. Turtles Includes tortoises Only vertebrate with shell Toothless
Shell is not skeleton
Turtles in water; tortoises on land

11. Warm-Blooded Vertebrates
Two Main Types
Birds
Mammals

12. Birds Warm blooded Have 2 legs, 2 wings, hollow bones, no teeth
Have bodies covered by feathers
Lay from 2-6 eggs at a time
Have 2 types of feathers
Four-chambered heart

13. Examples of Birds
Woodpecker Finch
Clapper Rails
Ducks

14. Mammals Warm-blooded, body covered with hair or fur
Highly developed nervous system with complex brain
Mammary (milk) glands—feed their young
3 Types: Placental, Marsupial, Monotreme

15. Placental Mammals
Develop inside mother’s body
Whales
Dolphins
Bats

16. Marsupials Mammals
Born before they’re fully developed; then move into a pouch
Opossum
Kangaroo
Koala

17. Egg-Laying Mammals Only two examples: Duck-billed platypus
Spiny anteater

18. Chapter Summary Be able to:
Compare and contrast cold-blooded vertebrates
Compare and contrast warm-blooded vertebrates