3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Sheffield

7.  Inner city and housing nearby  Near railway/river/canal  High building density and chaotic arrangement  Large factory building and possibly chimneys (chy)  Named areas eg: work, mills, docks, steel..

8.  Edge/out-of-town location, away from housing.  More open space, lower building density, planned building pattern.  Near main roads (red) with roundabouts.  Near to Motorways (blue).  Names like… industrial estate, business park.

9. What you can see on the map (6 figure grid reference) What you can deduce (once you have established how old the area is)

10. West Central Scotland

12.  Before the 19 th century, there were very few “cottage industry”  Modern, “factory production” industry started with the Industrial Revolution.

13. Coal  Early 1800, West Central Scotland was growing as a coal-mining area.  This area had thick seams (layers) of coal.  High quality coal was found just below the surface  cheap to extract and easy to exploit.

14. Port Activity  Was mainly found along the Firth of Clyde because of its sheltered condition.  Parts of River Clyde was narrowed and deepened to allow big ships to reach Glasgow.

15. Heavy Industry  Along side coal mining and port activity, “Heavy Industry” was also setting up in the West Central Scotland.  E.g. Iron and Steels works, shipbuilding and other heavy engineering (making railways, Springburn)

16. Light Industry  Some “Light Industry” also set up in the area.  E.g. Textiles.

17.  Abundant local coal deposits: ◦ Factories needed for energy source. ◦ Reduced transport cost because they didn’t need to transport the coal for long distance.  Abundance of local iron ore: ◦ Found between the coal seams ◦ Used for making iron and steel  Local limestone ◦ Use for iron and Steel  River Clyde and Firth of Clyde: ◦ Cheap transport  Flat land ◦ West Central Scotland has a lot of flat or gentle sloping land, suitable for building factories and later expanding them.

18.  Canals ◦ They were built to allow heavy goods to be transported cheaply.  Railways  cheap transport  Local Ports  allowed cheap and easy import and export of good.  Wealthy people who financed new industries  traded in Tabacco  Local Inventions  first steamship, ironship, blast furnace improvements.

19.  Over 500 coal-mines  Over 100 blast furnace: e.g Dixon’s Blaze (Gorbals)  50 Shipyards  made over 50% of world’s ships at this point.  Other heavy industry: locomotives (springburn), building bridges: Tay, Forth, Tower Bridge)  Cotton Textiles: Paisley

21. West Central Scotland The area of West Central Scotland has large deposits of many raw materials required for heavy industry. The area has large high quality coal deposit close to the surface.