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Physical Properties of the Atmosphere
apod.nasa.gov
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Atmospheric Pressure Force exerted on a surface
Drops as altitude increases Weight Millibar- unit for Atmospheric Pressure apod.nasa.gov
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EXOSPHERE THERMOSPHERE MESOSPHERE STRATOSPHERE TROPOSPHERE
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Troposphere 1st Layer 78% nitrogen & 21% oxygen
Thickness: 8 km to 20 km 99% - Water vapor Temperature: decrease/altitude Less dense Atmospheric pressure millibars millibars We’re living in it Picture references apod.nasa.gov MILLIBAR- UNIT FOR ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
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Stratosphere 2nd Layer Thickness: 12 to 50 km Temperature: Very Stable
Less air turbulence No clouds, no weather Advantages for long-distant flight Atmospheric Pressure: 100 millibars - 10 millibars apod.nasa.gov
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Mesosphere 3rd Layer 78% nitrogen & 21% oxygen
Thickness: 50 km to 85 km Drop with increasing altitude to about -100°C Coldest layer Freeze water vapor into ice clouds Meteors burn up Dark blue layer 0.01 millibar apod.nasa.gov
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Thermosphere 4th Layer 78% nitrogen & 21% oxygen
Thickness: 90 km- 500 km & 1,000 km “Heat sphere" 80% nitrogen & 20% oxygen Temperature rise- 1000°C apod.nasa.gov
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Ionosphere Not a layer Upper Part of the Thermosphere.
Thickness: 80 km to 600 km Aurora occurs Ultraviolet radiation from the Sun Atmospheric Pressure- 600 millibars apod.nasa.gov
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Aurora High-energy particles – Sun Solar wind - Ionosphere
Electrically charged particles converted to light Earth's magnetic field Greenish; sometimes red, pink etc. Strength of Solar wind Aurora Borealis - Nothern Hemisphere Aurora Australis - Southern Hemisphere Antarctica, Greenland, Iceland etc.
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Exosphere 5th Layer Thickness: 10,000 km
Upper limit of our atmosphere. Hydrogen & Helium - extremely low densities. Satellites orbit the Earth apod.nasa.gov
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Sources: Images earthspacecircle.blogspot.com apod.nasa.gov
References: Video Maciej Winiarczyk
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