1. Syntax

2. Syntax Issues Parallelism –What is the impact of the parallel structure on the meaning? Sentence Variety: Long and short sentences –Short sentences among longer ones. –Long sentences among shorter ones. –Does the difference have an impact on meaning?

3. Syntax Issues-2 Series of three elements (Rule of Three) More relevant examples indicate more complete proof. How can the three elements function? –in a parallel, equal fashion –in a manner that moves from lesser to greater importance (crescendo effect) –in an ironic or humorous way

4. Sentence Types (Structures) Simple Compound –Addition (and) –Contrast (but) –Alternative (or) Complex –Condition (If) –Time (After) –Concession (Although) –Causation (Because)

5. Sentence Types (Structures)-2 Compound Complex ConditionTimeConcessionCausation Addition Contrast Option

6. Complex sentences indicate complex, hierarchical thinking. Time –when, after, before, while Concession –although, even though Condition –if Cause –because, since

7. Compound sentences indicate coordinate, supplemental thinking. Addition –and, not only … but also Contrast –but, yet Alternative –or, either … or

8. Sentence Purposes Declarative (Statement) Interrogative (Question) –Inquisition –Curiosity –Uncertainty Imperative (Command) –Imperious tone –Hierarchy –Plea Exclamatory (Exclamation) –Excitement –Anger –Protest –Insight

9. Syntax or Sentence Structure? Students who understand these categories of syntax can use them in their analyses and in their composition of arguments. Syntax is typically a concrete element. Syntax should be subordinated to more abstract concepts.