1. Autoclave (steam under pressure) Heat in the form of steam is one of the most dependable and practical methods for decontamination. Normal operating levels are 15 min at 121° C and 15 psig (2 atm). Autoclaving sterilizes equipment. Kills organisms by coagulation of the cell protein.

2. Autoclave Bacteria filters are commonly sterilized by this method, but any material made of rubber cannot withstand the intense heat. The tops of nebulizers and humidifiers should be attached loosely to allow exposure to all parts of the device. Equipment to be autoclaved must be thoroughly washed in soapy water, dried, and wrapped in muslin, cloth, or a paper bag. Written on the outside of the wrap should be information including the time and date of processing, what kind of equipment is inside the wrap, and who prepared the equipment for processing.

3. (Persing, Gary. Respiratory Care Exam Review: Review for the Entry Level and Advanced Exams, 3rd Edition. Elsevier Health Sciences, 112009. 17.2).