1. VOCs Emissions from Vehicle Evaporative Processes Take-home Messages: （ 1 ） Emission factor measurements ： diurnal, hot soak, permeation, refueling regular gasoline, E10 Tier 2, Euro 3/4 （ 2 ） Emission inventory: 882 Gg （ 3 ） Policy suggestion: China moves from current Euro standards to US Tier 2 48 hr test. Huan Liu Dr., Associate Professor Tsinghua University liu_env@tsinghua.edu.cn

2. Method: emission measurements US Tier2 vehicles Euro/China Type IV test US 48-hour test+ 24-hour permeation Euro/China IV vehicles US 72-hour diurnal test US Refueling Test Sample gas in the SHED and analysis using GC-MS/FID method Species analysis RVP of test fuel Purge rate during driving cycles Weight of canisters Emission factors SHED tests Characteristic, emission process, species profile……

3. Results (1): Emission Factors Real-world emission factors Influence factors Driving cycles Temperature

4. Results (2): VOCs Speciation

5. Results (3): Emission Inventory

6. Results (4): Model Development

7. References and Acknowledgements Huan Liu, et al., VOC emissions from the vehicle evaporation process: status and control strategy, Environmental Science & Technology, accepted. Xiaofan Yang, et al., Vehicular volatile organic compounds losses due to refueling and diurnal process in China: 2010-2050. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2015. 33: p. 88-96. Hongyang Cui, et al., A Comprehensive Emission Inventory of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from Vehicles in China, ASAAQ13, Kobe, Japan. Hanyang Man, et al., VOCs emissions from the vehicle evaporation process: species and impact analysis, in preparation. Huan Liu, et al., Key points analysis and options in vehicular evaporative emission test procedures, in preparation. Copyright for CVEEM 2.0. Contact: liu_env@tsinghua.edu.cn