1. Lipids! Do Now: For each example, identify the chemical as a carbohydrate, protein, or nucleic acid. 1.A scientist discovers a new macromolecule in a cell that is made up of amino acids. 2.An unknown compound from sheep liver cells contains phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. 3.A scientist removes the cell walls from the leaves of a plant. The substance she has removed is almost 100% this type. 4.A certain chemical in your liver breaks down glycogen into glucose. The chemical that does this job must be a…

2. The Answers 1.Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. 2.Phosphorus is found in nucleic acids, not carbs or proteins. 3.Plant cell walls are made of cellulose, a carbohydrate. 4.Enzymes are chemicals that break things down or build them in an organism. Almost all enzymes are proteins

3. Lipids: What’s a Lipid anyhow? Lipids come in a variety of shapes and sizes. The one thing all lipids have in common is the fact that they can’t dissolve in water. They’re hydrophobic.

4. What do Lipids do? Honeybee hives are made out of a type of lipids called waxes Structure

5. What do Lipids do? Earwax helps prevent bacterial infections Defense

6. What do Lipids do? Estrogen is the female sex hormone in humans. Hormones

7. What do Lipids do? Fats can store lots of energy Energy Storage

8. But most Importantly, a lipid bilayer surrounds EVERY LIVING CELL

10. Cell membranes are made of phospholipids Hydrophilic “head” Hydrophobic “tail”

11. A Cell Membrane has lots of phospholipids

12. Cell Membrane = Phospholipid Bilayer Hydrophobic Hydrophilic

14. Aren’t Fats bad for you?

15. Yes and No… Trans-fatty acids common in processed foods have been linked to heart disease

16. But some are healthy Omega-3 fatty acids common in fish have been shown to HELP cardiovascular health!

17. Careful – They store a lot of energy!

18. The bottom line on lipids Lipids are NOT soluble in water. Lipids are not made of monomers like the other macromolecules. Lipids have many functions, from earwax to hormones. Lipids are used for LONG-TERM energy storage, since they can’t be used directly by cells Cell membranes are made of a lipid bilayer.