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Kosovo War
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Where is Kosovo?
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History of Yugoslavia 1945 – SFRY was formed 1980 – After Tito’s death 1991 – 4 of Yogoslav’s countries 1992 – New Yugoslavia(Serbia- Montenegro) 2002 – Agreement about Federation’s disorganization 2006 - Disorganization
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Kosovo? Around 90% of people are Albanians The president of Serbia Milosevic deprive Kosovo of autonomy (1989) Kosovo wanted to fusion with Albania May, 1992 they hold a general election Organize KLA, armed strike Early in 90s they wanted to independent
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Kosovo? Albanian separatists started to attack Serb police(March, 1998) The ethnic cleansing(Sept, 1998) International community blamed Milosevic Peace talks – Serbs refuse to sign(Feb, 1999) NATO’s ultimatum(22 nd March, 1999) Milosevic and Serb assembly admitted peace treaty(June, 1999)
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Think about it During NATO’s attack to Serbs, there were more and more Albanian casualties Without UNSC’s resolution Repeat only airstrikes No casualty in NATO No benefit? No action!
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What is Kosovo’s status now? Kosovo has been administered by the U N since 1999 why was no deal reached? Kosovo would accept nothing but full ind ependence Serbia was only prepared to offer broad autonomy
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What did the UN propose? The UN’s special envoy Martti Ahtisaari offered Kosovo “supervised independence” in April - steer Kosovo towards full independence and m embership of the UN - prevent Kosovo from combining with Albania - guaranteed places for the Serb minorities in loc al government and parliament →Serbia and Russia oppose the Ahtisaari plan…
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When will Kosovo declare Independence ? In January or February Envisages a transitional period of 120 days →a new constitution would be adopted and safeguards erected to guarantee the Serb minority’s right After the 120-day period ends – in late April or Ju ne, Kosovan independence would be effective
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What will happen to the Serb minority? There is already a partition in the Serb-domin- ated areas of Kosovo, north of the Ibar river Serbs in the region may declare their own autonomous Barricades might be erected But some 60,000 Serbs live in south of the Ibar river – and some 5,000 ethnic Albanians live in the north of it
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How far could it spread? The 60% of Kosovo Serbs who live south of the Ibar river might violently driven from their homes The expulsion of ethnic Albanians living in north Kosovo, and in the Presevo and Bujanovac regions of southern Serbia
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The effects on other countries Separatists in other parts of the world would feel their case was strengthened Serbia and Russia will not recognize an independent Kosovo Serbia has threatened sanctions agai- nst countries that recognize Kosovo’s independence
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How do the international communities work for Kosovo? Nato, which has 16,000 peacekeepers in Kosovo, has pledged a strong response to any outbreak of violence The EU is expected to gradually take over many of the UN’s duties, though some form of UN presence is likely to remain EU plans to have an “international civilian office” in Kosovo to supervise the implem- entation of the Ahtisarri plan
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references http://www.wikipedia.org http://www.cia.gov http://www.youtube.com http://www.google.com
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