1. The ability to persuade others to seek defined objectives enthusiastically People tend to follow those in whom they see a means of satisfying their own personal goals. Definitions of Leadership

2. Personal Traits Leader Behavior Contingency Approaches Why are some people more effective leaders than others? Approaches to the Study of Leadership

3. 1. How Managers Use Their Authority McGregor’s Theory X Theory Y Likert’s 4 Systems of Management System 1 System 2 System 3 System 4 Leader Behavior Approaches

4. 2. Leader’s Overall Orientation MichiganJob centered vs Employee Centered Ohio StateInitiating Structure Consideration Managerial Grid

5. 987654321987654321 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 High Low Concern for People Concern for Production Country Club Impoverished Push for Production Team “Organization Man” (9,9) (1,9) (5,5) (1,1) (9,1) The Managerial Grid

6. Tannenbaum & Schmidt Fiedler’s Contingency Theory Path-Goal Theory Hersey & Blanchard’s Life Cycle Contingency Approaches to Leadership

7. Manager’s Use of Authority Area of Freedom for Subordinates Boss-CenteredSubordinate- Leadership Centered Leadership Tannenbaum and Schmidt

8. Leader- Member Relations Task Structure Power Position Good Relations Poor Relations Structured Unstructured Strong Weak Strong Weak 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Fiedler’s Contingency Theory

9. Leader- Member Relations Task Structure Power Position Leader Style Good Relations Poor Relations Structured Unstructured Strong Weak Strong Weak 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Situational Favorableness Task Oriented Employee OrientedTask Oriented Fiedler’s Contingency Theory

10. LeaderSubordinateSubordinate BehaviorPerceptions Outcomes Type of Subordinate Type of Task DirectiveValenceEffort SupportiveExpectancyMotivation AchievementInstrumentalityPerformance ParticipativeSatisfaction Path Goal Theory of Leadership

11. Task Behavior Relationship Behavior LHLH HLHL Follower Readiness LH Hersey & Blanchard’s Life Cycle Theory of Leadership

12. Charismatic instills pride Behaviorinstills faith instills a sense of vision Individual delegates to stimulate learning Consideration Intellectualencourages new ideas Stimulationencourages rethinking old ideas encourages risk taking Transformational Leadership

13. Use Perspective Selection/Placement Training/Development Type of Theory Universal Trait Theory Behavioral Theories Contingency Fiedler Tannenbaum & TransformationalSchmidt Path-Goal Hersey & Blanchard Classifying Leadership Theories