1. PowerPoint ® Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric: Part B

2. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Connective Tissue Most abundant and widely distributed tissue type Major Functions 1.____________________ 2.____________________ 3.____________________ 4.____________________ Four classes 1.__________________ 2.__________________ 3.__________________ 4.__________________

3. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Characteristics of Connective Tissue 1._________________________ - Mesenchyme as their common tissue of origin 2._________________________ - Varying degrees of vascularity 3._________________________ - Cells separated by nonliving extracellular matrix (ground substance and fibers)

4. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Structural Elements of Connective Tissue Ground substance: __________________________ ___________________________________________ Components: ____________________________ Fibers: _________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 3 Types 1.__________________________ Strongest and most abundant type Provides high tensile strength 2.__________________________ Networks of long, thin, elastin fibers that allow for stretch 3.__________________________ Short, fine, highly branched collagenous fibers

5. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Structural Elements of Connective Tissue Cells Mitotically active and secretory cells = “____________” Mature cells = “_____________” The primary cell types are: 1.___________________ in connective tissue proper 2.___________________ and ___________________ in cartilage 3.___________________ and ___________________ in bone 4._________________________ in bone marrow Fat cells, white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages

6. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Connective Tissue Mesenchyme—________________________________ _____________________________________________ Gives rise to all other connective tissues Gel-like ground substance with fibers and star-shaped mesenchymal cells Types: Loose connective tissue ________________ Dense connective tissue ________________

7. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Areolar Connective Tissue

8. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Areolar Connective Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________

9. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Adipose Connective Tissue

10. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Adipose Connective Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________

11. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Reticular Connective Tissue

12. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Reticular Connective Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________

13. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Dense Regular Connective Tissue

14. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Dense Regular Connective Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________

15. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

16. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Dense Irregular Connective Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________

17. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Elastic Connective Tissue

18. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Elastic Connective Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________

19. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Connective Tissue: Cartilage Three types of cartilage: 1.__________________________________ 2.__________________________________ 3.__________________________________

20. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Hyaline Cartilage

21. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Hyaline Cartilage Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________ 4. __________________________________________________

22. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.8h (h) Cartilage: elastic Description: Similar to hyaline cartilage, but more elastic fibers in matrix. Function: Maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility. Location: Supports the external ear (pinna); epiglottis. Photomicrograph: Elastic cartilage from the human ear pinna; forms the flexible skeleton of the ear (800x). Chondrocyte in lacuna Matrix

23. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Elastic Cartilage Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ Function: 1. ___________________________________________________

24. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________ Fibrocartilage Function: 1. ___________________________________________________

25. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Bone (Osseous Tissue)

26. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Bone (Osseous Tissue) Location: 1. __________________________________________________

27. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Blood

28. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Blood Location: 1. __________________________________________________

29. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Nervous Tissue

30. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Nervous Tissue Location: 1. __________________________________________________ 2. __________________________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________

31. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Skeletal Muscle

32. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________ 5. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Skeletal Muscle Location: 1. __________________________________________________

33. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Cardiac Muscle

34. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Cardiac Muscle Location: 1. __________________________________________________

35. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Smooth Muscle

36. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Function: 1. ___________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________ Description: ___________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Figure 4.3a Smooth Muscle Location: 1. __________________________________________________

37. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Description: _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ Figure 4.3a Cutaneous Membrane Mucous Membrane Description: _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________

38. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.11c Description: _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ Serous Membrane

39. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Steps in Tissue Repair 1._________________________________________________ 2._________________________________________________ 3._________________________________________________

40. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Developmental Aspects Primary germ layers: _______________, _________________, and _______________ Formed early in embryonic development Specialize to form the four primary tissues _______________ arises from ectoderm _______________ and _______________ arise from mesoderm ______________________________ arise from all three germ layers

41. Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 4.13 16-day-old embryo (dorsal surface view)