1. DEFINING POVERTY SLWK 710 Class 3

2. Assignment, website, and readings.. 1 st -topics for essays 2 nd -idea for your final paper 3 rd -Discussion: What are some lessons learned re: websites 4 th -The challenge of defining US Family poverty….How did you approach this? Quantitatively, social construction, relative vs absolute…implications of poverty 5 th http://www.marketplace.org/shows/marketplace- money/marketplace-money-friday-october-5-2012-50 http://www.marketplace.org/topics/wealth-poverty/could-you- live-438-week http://www.marketplace.org/topics/wealth-poverty/could-you- live-438-week http://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_reveals_new_insights_on _poverty.html-20

3. Poverty We all have ‘em….What are your assumptions about poverty? We discussed this last class-how does our clinical expertise, give us a “leg up” on policy development? Take out paper and you define poverty….hang on to it.

4. Poverty Families and children are defined as poor if family income is below the federal poverty threshold. The federal poverty level for a family of four with two children was $22,350 in 2011, $22,050 in 2010, and $22,050 in 2009. A 2008 Pew poll found that 40% of Americans with incomes below $20,000 – roughly equivalent to the poverty line – http://www.familiesusa.org/resources/tools-for- advocates/guides/federal-poverty-guidelines.html

5. Poverty How was the poverty line developed? The poverty thresholds were originally developed in 1963-1964 by Mollie Orshansky of the Social Security Administration. Orshansky took the dollar costs of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s economy food plan for families of three or more persons and multiplied the costs by a factor of three. Orshansky used a factor of three because the Agriculture Department’s 1955 Household Food Consumption Survey found that for families of three or more persons, the average dollar value of all food used during a week accounted for about one third of their total money income after taxes. There are SEVERAL assumptions associated with the way in which Orshansky came up with the policy issue of defining poverty. Can you name a few? Why are they important?

6. Poverty threshold Most Americans (58.5%) will spend at least one year below the poverty line at some point between ages 25 and 75. Poverty rates are persistently higher in rural and inner city parts of the country as compared to suburban areas

7. Make it real http://www.marketplace.org/topics/wealth- poverty/could-you-live-438-week http://www.marketplace.org/topics/wealth- poverty/could-you-live-438-week

8. What’s the implication of the fact below? People living in poverty tend to be clustered in certain neighborhoods rather than being evenly distributed across geographic areas.

9. Poverty in America: What would you do? What do you think are the major reasons families are poor in America? What is the single most effective way for individuals in America to move out of poverty? If you found yourself as a head of family living below the poverty line, what are the major policy issues that you think would be the most impactful to you and your family? If you found yourself as a head of family living below the poverty line, what intervention or program do you think would be most critical to support your family?

10. Questions What are your assumptions about poverty? How does this impact the way you would frame policy around poverty issues? How does the idea of “preferences” impact the way in which those you define as poor? How you would guide poor clients in daily decision making as it relates to their preferences?

11. Framing the same concept in vastly different ways Building an argument based on confronting stereotypes re: haves/have-nots (heritage think tank) Defining poverty through the eyes of upward mobility. Break into groups – argue the points from each side. Make your argument. Debate what the others point of view misses.

12. What is the American Dream? And does it really exist?

13. Rosling uses data to make connections about poverty, health care and economics – globally. http://www.ted.com/talks/hans_rosling_reveals_ new_insights_on_poverty.html

14. Government involvement When does it make sense for government to be involved? What are the implications of this? When does it make sense for the market to allocate resources? What are the implications of this?

15. Redistribution Medicare and Social Security – socialist programs Tax collection Benefits to the poor Dividing the economic pie Income distribution in the US Wealth and poverty – relative socially constructed term

16. Defining/Framing Poverty How did you define poverty? How is poverty a social constructed term? Is it more important to define poverty quantitatively or relatively?

17. Policy Making Does information lead to good policy making? Affirmative Action (10 interviewees) Hiring man vs. women (logic) Criminal background checks (stereotypes)

18. Health care Government’s role Insurance company’s role Incentives to doctors by insurance companies The problem of denying coverage for pre-existing conditions… how do you resolve from a market or a government standpoint? (best time to buy insurance) What do you think is the ideal role of government and market? Why?

19. Racial Profiling Is it hate or an information issue? 9-11 Weighing the pros and cons from an economic standpoint

20. Why are some rich and some poor? 1 in 5 children are poor 35% of black children are poor How does one attain human capital? Does it separate the haves from the have nots? How? Skills/Talents that are scarce vs. plentiful Poverty rate for HS drop outs is 12x higher than those with a diploma