1. Unit 1 Chapter 1 Section 1 Principles of Government Mr. Young 2, 3, 4, 5 periods

2. Essential Questions How do the four essential features help to determine whether a land mass is a state or not? How do the Purpose of government effect your life on a daily basis?

3. Difference between country, nation, state Country- geography of something, where it is located

4. Difference between country, nation, state Nation- denote the people, who lives there

5. Difference between country, nation, state State- the political within a territory

6. The State State- a body of people living in a defined territory, organized politically, with the power to make and enforce laws

7. The State Nation-state- when the boundaries of a state and nation are the same

8. Essentials Features of a State There are four common essential features that make up a state in today’s society 1. Population 2. Territory 3. Sovereignty 4. Government

9. Population Most obvious, how many people, what do they look like, etc Also affects stability, if pop shares a general political and social consensus, agreement about basic beliefs, then government is usually stable Also affected by mobility

10. Territory Basically what they own, what are there boundaries Usually a source of major conflict May change as a result of: 1. War 2. Negotiations 3. purchase

11. Sovereignty Key to being a state Means that state has the supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries No state has right to interfere with other state (in theory)

12. Government Institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions on all people living within the state Derive power from two sources: 1. Legitimacy- willingness to obey the government 2. Coercive force- police, judicial, and military institutions

13. Theories of the Origin of the State Evolutionary Theory- Head family serves as authority, until they eventually needed more organization

14. Theories of the Origin of the State Force Theory- government emerged when all the people of an area were brought under the authority of one person or group.

15. Theories of the Origin of the State Divine Right Theory- god or gods had chosen certain people to rule. To oppose was to oppose a god or gods and to commit sin and treason

16. Theories of the Origin of the State Social Contract Theory- theory that by contract, people surrender to the state the power needed to maintain order and the state, in turn agrees to protect its citizens Important People: John Locke and Thomas Hobbes

17. Social Contract Theory

18. The Purposes of Government Government has many purposes, but they will all fall somewhere under these four 1. Maintaining social order 2. Providing Public Service 3. Providing National Security 4. Making Economic Decisions

19. Maintaining Social Order People cannot live in groups without conflicts Provides ways of resolving conflicts among members of a group, such as making and enforcing laws

20. Providing Public Services Helps to provide essential services that people cannot provide by themselves These include: 1. Roads 2. Buildings 3. Make and enforce laws 4. Public health and safety

21. Providing National Security Protect people from other states/nations or other threats Helps deal with foreign nations Major concern of sovereign state

22. Making Economic Decisions Governments use their power, money, and resources to help keep people happy Also use their resources to help other nations Try to stimulate economy to help people in struggling times

23. Essential Questions How do the four essential features help to determine whether a land mass is a state or not? How do the Purpose of government effect your life on a daily basis?