1. Asexual Reproduction vs. Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction – Diploid cells give rise to identical diploid cells – DNA comes from one parent cell – production of identical offspring without the fusion of gametes Sexual Reproduction – Haploid cells called gametes combine to form a Zygote – DNA comes from two separate parent cells

2. Asexual Reproduction Produces offspring without using sperm or eggs in which the DNA comes from only one parent

3. Asexual Reproduction Binary Fission – a process where some bacteria reproduce asexually – not done by either mitosis or meiosis

4. Sexual Reproduction Type of reproduction in which offspring are produced by combining the genetic material from 2 parents

5. Male vs. Female gametes Male gametes – are called sperm – haploid (1n) – All four daughter cells produced during meiosis can be used – Produced in the testes Female gametes – are called eggs – haploid (1n) – only one of the four daughter cells produced during meiosis will be used – produced in the ovaries

6. Production of Gametes Spermatogenesis – the production of mature sperm – 4 haploid cells are produced and used Oogenesis – the production of a mature egg – 4 haploid cells produced but only 1 will be used the others are disposed of as polar bodies

7. Polar bodies small cells produced when the cytoplasm divides unevenly during oogenesis Polar bodies are disposed of

8. Spermatogenesis vs. Oogenesis Spermatogenesis makes 4 functional sperm cells but oogenesis produces only “1 good egg”

9. Meiosis review… Used to create haploid (1n) cells that will be used in sexual reproduction creates 4 gametes (sex cells – sperm in males or egg in females)

10. Diploid vs. Haploid Diploid means 2n – Haploid means 1n Humans have 46 chromosomes in a diploid cell and 23 chromosomes in a haploid cell Different species have different diploid and haploid numbers

11. SpeciesDiploid (2n #)Haploid (1n #) Fruit Fly84 Chimpanzee4824 Dog7839 Apple tree3417 Tomato2412