1. Thermodynamics 2011-2012

3.  The pressure exerted by a gas can be understood with the kinetic-molecular theory of gases (for ideal gases).  States that the particles in a gas are in random motion at high speeds and undergoing elastic collisions with each other.  Therefore, particles have a change in momentum (impulse), which results in pressure.

4.  There is a pressure acting on everyone and everything on Earth.  We don’t notice because the outward forces from our bodies balance this force.  Approximately 100 kPa.

9.  When heated, all forms of matter generally become less dense and expand to fill more space.  Ice floats because when water is most dense at 4° C and the ice is less dense.

10.  Gaslike state of negatively charged electrons and positively charged ions.  Created by increasing the temperature of a gas until the particles become violent enough to tear the electrons off of the atoms, thus producing positive ions.

11.  Very common state of matter:  Stars  Much of the matter between stars and galaxies  Lightning bolts  Neon signs  Sodium vapor lamps