1. The self-administered questionnaire is a type of questionnaire, either in paper or electronic form. Self-administered questionnaires enable researchers to reach a large number of potential respondents in a variety of locations, especially when use mail or online questionnaires. However, the response rate for self-administered surveys is relatively low, compared to other methods such as interviews or researcher- administered questionnaires..

2. Researchers can give questionnaires directly respondents or mail them, then respondents who read instruction and questions then record their answers

4. 1-This type of survey is by far the cheapest. 2- It can be conducted by a single researcher. 3-A researcher can send questionnaires to a wide geographical area. 4-The respondent can complete the questionnaire when it is convenient. 5- It can check personal records if necessary. 6- It is offer anonymity. 7- It is avoid interviewer bias. 8- It is very effective 9- The response rates may be high for a target population that is well educated or has a strong interest in the topic or the survey organization

6. -The biggest problem with mail questionnaires is low response rate. Most questionnaires are returned within two weeks but other trickle in up two months later. * To solve this problem:- Researchers can raise response rates by sending non respondents reminder letter. but this solve adds to the time and cost of data collection. 2- A researcher can not control the conditions under which a mail questionnaire is completed example :- A questionnaires completed during a drinking party by dozen laughing people may be returned along with one filled out by an earnest respondent

7. 3- no one is present to clarify questions or to probe for more information when respondents give incomplete answers 4- someone other than the sampled respondent for example ( spouse, new resident ) may open the mail and complete the questionnaire without the researcher's knowledge. 5- Different respondents can complete the questionnaire weeks a part or answer questions in different order than that intended by researchers 6- incomplete questionnaires can also be a serious problem 7- Researchers can not visually observe the respondent's reactions to questions physical characteristics or the setting.

8. for example, an impoverished 70 years old white woman living alone on a farm could falsely state that she is a prosperous 40 years old Asian male doctor living in a nearby town with three children such extreme intentional lies are rare but serious errors can go undetected 8- The mail questionnaire format limits the kinds of questions that a researcher can use Questions requiring visual aids for example :- look at this picture and tell me what you see ? (open - ended) questions

9. 9-many contingency questions and complex questions do poorly in mail questionnaire. 10-likewise mail questionnaire are ill suited for the illiterate or near illiterate in English. 11-Questionnaires mailed to illiterate respondents are not likely to be returned ; if they are completed and returned,the questions were probably misunderstood so the answer are meaningless