2.  “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.”  Ratified August 26, 1920  Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton drafted the amendment and first introduced it in 1878

3.  Following the Nineteenth Amendment's adoption, many legislators feared that a powerful women's bloc would emerge in American politics  However a women’s bloc did not emerge until the 1950’s  The passage of the 19 th amendment was a huge turning point in the history of the United States

4.  The Nineteenth Amendment's text was drafted by Susan B. Anthony with the assistance of Elizabeth Cady Stanton  It took nearly 50 years for women to gain voting privileges after the draft was created

5.  Suffrage is defined as: the right to vote, especially in a political election.

6.  1866: Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony form the American Equal Rights Association, an organization for white and black women and men dedicated to the goal of universal suffrage.  1870: The Fifteenth Amendment enfranchises black men  1878: A Woman Suffrage Amendment is introduced in the United States Congress

7.  1895: Elizabeth Cady Stanton publishes The Woman's Bible  1912: Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive (Bull Moose/Republican) Party becomes the first national political party to adopt a woman suffrage plank.  1916: Jeannette Rankin of Montana becomes the first American woman elected to represent her state in the U.S. House of Representatives.

8.  August 26, 1920: The Nineteenth Amendment is ratified

9.  Had an impact on the gender composition of political office holders  Changed the way both American citizens and Congress members as a whole tended to vote  Although women were granted the right to vote in 1920, women did not turn out to the polls in the same numbers as men until 1980  In the 2012 "presidential election", Barack Obama won 55% of the women’s vote as compared to Mitt Romney’s 44% (Romney won the male vote, but lost the election)