1. Ch. 1: Los Apuntes

2. Infinitives Verbs are words that are most often used to name actions. Verbs in English have different forms depending on who is doing the action or when the action is occurring. Ex: I walk, she walks, we walked, etc.

3. Infinitives The most basic form of a verb is called the infinitive. In English you can spot infinitives because they usually have the word “to” in front of them: to swim, to read, to write

4. Infinitives Infinitives in Spanish, though, don’t have a separate word like “to” in front of them. Spanish infinitives are only one word, and they always end in –ar, -er, or –ir. Leer, Nadar, Escribir

5. Negatives To make a sentence negative in Spanish, you usually put no in front of the verb or expression. In English you use the word “not”. Ex: No me gusta cantar.I do not like to sing

6. Negatives To answer a question negatively in Spanish, you often use no twice. The first no answers the question, the second no says, “I do not…(don’t). This is similar to the way you answer a question in English. Te gusta escribir cuentos?Do you like to write stories? No, no me gusta.No, no I don’t.

7. Negatives In Spanish you might use one or more negatives after answering “no”. ¿Te gusta escribir cuentos? No, no me gusta Do you like to write short stories? No, I don’t.

8. Negatives If you want to say that you do not like either of two choices, use ni…ni. No me gusta ni nadar ni dibujar. I don’t like either swimming or drawing or I like neither swimming nor drawing.

9. Expressing agreement or disagreement TO agree with what a person likes, you use a mí también. Me gusta pasar tiempo con amigos. I like to spend time with friends. A mi también. Me too.

10. Expressing agreement or disagreement If someone tells you that he or she dislikes something you can agree by saying a mí tampoco. It’s like saying “me neither” or “neither do I” in English.

11. Expressing agreement or disagreement Example: No me gusta nada cantar. I don’t like to sing at all. A mí tampoco. Me neither.

12. Definite and Indefinite Articles El and La are called definite articles and are the equivalent of “the” in English. El is used with masculine nouns and La is used with feminine nouns. El Libro- The book La Carpeta- The folder Los libros- the books Las carpetas- the folders

13. Definite and Indefinite Un and Una are called indefinite articles and are the equivalent of “a” and “an” in English. Un is used with masculine nouns and Una is used with feminine nouns. un libro- a book una carpeta- a folder

14. Definite Articles/Indefinite Articles elthe lathe una, an unaa, an

15. Word Order: Placement of Adjectives To make a sentence negative, you place the word no before the verb. Ex: Eduardo no es un chico serio. No me gusta jugar video juegos.

16. Cognates Cognates are words in Spanish that look like words in English and have the same meaning. Example: Chocolate (in Eng.) Chocolate (in Spanish) Música (Spanish) Music (English)