1. The Earth’s Layers Layers

2. Inner Core (5,000 degrees C) 750 mile radius Outer Core (2,200 degrees C) 1,430 miles Mantle (870 degrees C) 1,800 miles Crust (cool) (10-25 miles thick) Inside Our Earth Next Slide

3. The inner core is made of solid nickel and iron and is magnetic The outer core is made of hot liquid nickel and iron. The crust is hard and brittle It is made of rock: mostly basalt (oceanic) and Granite (continental) The mantle is hot part melted and part solid Iron, silicon and magnesium. Also a rock called periodite Composition of the Earth’s Layers Next Slide

4. The mantle is divided into three parts: The asthenosphere (or upper mantle) is solid even though it is at very hot temperatures of about 1600 C due to the high pressures from above. However, at this temperature, minerals are almost ready to melt and they become ductile and can be pushed and deformed like silly putty (plastic) in response to the warmth of the Earth. The flowing asthenosphere carries the lithosphere of the Earth, including the continents, on its back. mantle crust the lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost mantle, which constitute the hard and rigid outer layer of the Earth. The Lower mantle makes up half of the volume of the Earth’s interior. Althought the lower mantle is MUCH hotter than the upper mantle, it does not flow as easily because of the increased pressure. Variances of temperature in the mantle cause convection currents which move the lithospheric plates. asthesnosphere lower mantle Next Slide

5. The core has two parts The core of the Earth is VERY HOT The inner core is solid because the extreme pressure does not allow the particles enough space to liquefy The Earth’s core is magnetic Earth's inner core is rotating faster than the planet itself. The Earth's solid iron inner core, which, is estimated to be roughly the size of the moon. It rotates because it is surrounded by a much larger liquid outer core, and together the two form a giant electrical motor. Outer core (liquid Iron) Inner core (solid Iron) Next Slide