2. KINGDOM PROTISTA

4. PROTOZOANS “proto” = first “soion” = animal
Unicellular organisms called protozoans
likely the precursor to the first animals to evolve
Similar to animals
Heterotrophic
Movement
Different than animals
Unicellular vs. multicelluar

5. 4 Types of Protozoans Classified by how they move
Sarcodians: move by cytoplasm
Zooflagellates: move by flagella
Ciliaphorans: move by cilia
Sporozoans: do not move, are parasitic

6. Sarcodians Move by cytoplasm e.g. Ameba Youtube: Ameba Feeds

7. Zooflagellates Move by flagella e.g. Trypanosoma
African sleeping sickness

8. Ciliaphoranes Move by cilia e.g. Parmecium Youtube:

9. Sporozoans
e.g. Plasmodium
Do not move (are parasites)
Malaria

10. Protozoan Summary Name Locomotion Examples Sarcodian
Move by extending cytoplasm
Ameba
Zooflagellates
Move by flagella
Trypanosoma
Ciliaphorans
Move by cilia
Parmecium
Sporozoans
Do not move, are parasitic
Plasmodium

11. Where do protozoans live?
Grow and reproduce only in wet environments!!

12. Importance of Protozoans
Food source for many organisms
Part of phytoplankton: tiny organisms that float near the surface of oceans and lakes
Control bacteria populations
Act as scavengers
Parasites

13. Algae Similar to plants because: Different than plants:
Perform photosynthesis
Contain chlorophyll
Many have celluose in cell walls
Different than plants:
All plants are multicellular
while many algae are unicellular

14. Algae
“plant-like”
protists
Multicellular
Algae
Unicellular
Algae
Brown Algae
Dinoflagellates
Euglenoids
Diatoms
Red Algae
Green Algae

15. Unicellular Algae Dinoflagellates: Covered with cellulose plates
Have two flagella that spin the cell through the water
Red tide: species of dinoflagellates, produces a neurotoxin that causes death of fish, birds, marine mammals, and other organisms

16. Unicellular Algae Diatoms: Covered with glass (silica) shell
No structures for movement
Most abundant organisms in the ocean
Deposits in earth used for detergents, insulation, and polishing agents in toothpaste

17. Unicellular Algae Euglenoids No rigid cell wall
(more “animal-like” in this way)
Two flagella for movement
Have chloroplasts and perform photosynthesis (more “plant-like” in this way)

18. Multicellular Algae Green Algae: Grow in ponds, moist soil, and
saltwater conditions
Usually green and multicellular
E.g. Volvox, Ulva
“sea lettuce”
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19. Multicellular Algae Red Algae: Grow in warm saltwater conditions
Not always red – can be green, orange, or black

20. Multicellular Algae Brown Algae Live in cool saltwater habitats
Brown in color
E.g. Giant kelps
watch?v=u-6mYjgZ_5g

21. Importance of Algae Important part of plankton
Called “phytoplankton” because perform photosynthesis
Phytoplankton produces much of oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere
Food source for various organisms
Provide habitats for many organisms

22. Importance of Algae Eutrophication: Red Algae
Addition of nutrients causes rapid algal growth
Algae sink to bottom and die
Most of water’s oxygen is them consumed in breaking down algae and reduce availability for aquatic species
Red Algae
“nori” used for sushi

23. Fungus-like Protists Most are decomposers
Protists rather than fungi because of chemical and structural differences
Two main groups:
Slime Molds
Water Molds

24. Slime Molds
Youtube:

25. Water Molds Habitat: Some parasitic
freshwater on decaying plants and animals
Some parasitic
E.g. Phytophthora (late blight of potatoes)

26. Ameba

27. Paramecium

28. Euglena

29. Diatoms