1. LAST PERSON STADING ECOLOGY EDITION

2. 1. A certain plant requires moisture, oxygen, carbon dioxide, light, and minerals in order to survive. This statement shows that a living organism depends on 1.biotic factors 2.abiotic factors 3.symbiotic relationships 4.carnivore-herbivore relationships

3. The correct answer is…… 2. abiotic factors

4. 2. Which is a biotic factor operating within an ecosystem? 1.the type of climate in a given region 2.the carnivores that consume other animals 3.the amount of helium gas in the air 4.the rate of flow of water in a river

5. The correct answer is…… 2. the carnivores that consume other animals

6. 3. Which condition is necessary for an experiment to yield useful data? 1.Similar results should be obtained when the experiment is repeated 2.Only the expected results should be considered each time the experiment is performed. 3.The hypothesis must be correct. 4.The experimental period must be short.

7. The correct answer is……. 1.Similar results should be obtained when the experiment is repeated

8. 4.Name one major limiting abiotic factor limiting the growth of autotrophs at great depths in an ocean 1.Type of seafloor 2. Availability of minerals 3. Amount of light 4.Absence of biotic factors

9. The correct answer is…. 3. Amount of Light

10. 5. Earth’s water, land and the atmosphere would constitute: 1. A community 2. A Biome 3. A Biosphere 4. A Population

11. The correct answer is…. 3. A biosphere

12. 6. A plant needs oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and minerals to survive. This statement shows that autotrophs depend on 1.Symbiotic relationships 2.Abiotic Factors 3.Biotic Factors 4.Food chains

13. The correct answer is…. 2. Abiotic factors

14. 7. Choose a statement that represents a biotic factor in an ecosystem. 1.Cold Climate of a given region 2.The predators feeding on herbivorous animals 3.The amount of nitrogen in the soil 4.The flow of water in the stream

15. The correct answer is….. 2.The predators feeding on herbivorous animals

16. 8. All plants, animals and micro-organisms living in a forest ecosystem constitute a: 1.Population 2.Species 3.Phylum 4.Community

17. The correct answer is…. 4.Community

18. 9. Decay/ Decomposition of organic matter is accomplished by the activity of: 1.Viruses and algae 2.Bacteria and Fungi 3.Green plants 4.Scavengers

19. The correct answer is…. 2.Bacteria and Fungi

20. 10. What is the original source of energy in a forest ecosystem? 1.Sunlight 2.Water 3.Plants 4.Animals

21. The correct answer is….. 1.Sunlight

22. 11. Which organisms are dependent upon other animals for food? 1.Producers 2.Herbivores 3.Scavengers 4.Primary consumers

23. The correct answer is…. 3.Scavengers

24. 12. Choose a statement which illustrates a biotic resource interacting with an abiotic resource? 1.A rock moves during an earthquake. 2.A sea turtle transports a pilot fish to food. 3.A plant absorbs sunlight, which is used for photosynthesis. 4.A wind causes waves to form on a lake

25. The correct answer is….. 3.A plant absorbs sunlight, which is used for photosynthesis

26. 13. Certain bacteria living in a human's large intestine help to produce vitamin K. This relationship is an example of: 1.Mutualism 2.Commensalism 3.Plant parasitism 4.Animal parasitism

27. The correct answer is……. 1.Mutualism

28. 14.

29. The correct answer is…… 1.Ecosystem

30. 15. A student observes that an organism is green. A valid conclusion that can be drawn from this observation is that: 1 the organism must be a plant 2.the organism cannot be single celled 3.the organism must be an animal 4.not enough information is given to determine whether the organism is a plant or an animal

31. The correct answer is…. 4.not enough information is given to determine whether the organism is a plant or an animal

32. 16. Why do scientists consider any hypothesis valuable? 1.A hypothesis requires no further investigation. 2.A hypothesis may lead to further investigation even if it is disproved by the experiment. 3.A hypothesis requires no further investigation if it is proved by the experiment. 4.A hypothesis can be used to explain a conclusion even if it is disproved by the experiment

33. The correct answer is…. 2.A hypothesis may lead to further investigation even if it is disproved by the experiment

34. 17. Decomposers are important in the environment because they 1.convert large molecules into simpler molecules that can then be recycled 2.release heat from large molecules so that the heat can be recycled through the ecosystem 3.can take in carbon dioxide and convert it into oxygen 4.convert molecules of dead organisms into permanent biotic parts of an ecosystem

35. The correct answer is…… 1.convert large molecules into simpler molecules that can then be recycled

36. 18. In a forest community, a shelf fungus and a slug live on the side of a decaying tree trunk. The fungus digests and absorbs materials from the tree, while the slug eats algae growing on the outside of the trunk. These organisms do not compete with one another because they occupy 1.the same habitat, but different niches 2.the same niche, but different habitats 3.the same niche and the same habitat 4.different habitats and different niches

37. The correct answer is…. 1.the same habitat, but different niches

38. 19. Researchers performing a well-designed experiment should base their conclusions on 1.the hypothesis of the experiment 2.data from repeated trials of the experiment 3.a small sample size to insure a reliable outcome of the experiment 4.results predicted before performing the experiment

39. The correct answer is….. 2.data from repeated trials of the experiment

40. 20. What impact do the amounts of available energy, water, and oxygen have on an ecosystem? 1.They act as limiting factors. 2.They are used as nutrients. 3.They recycle the residue of dead organisms. 4.They control environmental temperature.

41. The correct answer is…. 1.They act as limiting factors.

42. 21. The removal of nearly all the predators from an ecosystem would most likely result in 1.an increase in the number of carnivore species 2.a decrease in new predators migrating into the ecosystem 3.a decrease in the size of decomposers 4.an increase in the number of herbivores

43. The correct answer is…. 4.an increase in the number of herbivores

44. 22. A science researcher is reviewing another scientist’s experiment and conclusion. The reviewer would most likely consider the experiment invalid if 1.the sample size produced a great deal of data 2.other individuals are able to duplicate the results 3.it contains conclusions not explained by the evidence given 4.the hypothesis was not supported by the data obtained

45. The correct answer is…. 3.it contains conclusions not explained by the evidence given

46. 23. A company that manufactures a popular multivitamin wanted to determine whether their multivitamin had any side effects. For its initial study, the company chose 2000 individuals to take one of their multivitamin tablets per day for one year. Scientists from the company surveyed the participants to determine whether they had experienced any side effects. The greatest problem with this procedure is that 1.only one brand of vitamin was tested 2.the sample size was not large enough 3.the study lasted only one year 4.no control group was used

47. The correct answer is…. 4.no control group was used

48. 24. Which phrase is an example of autotrophic nutrition? 1.a cow eating grass in a field 2.a mushroom digesting a dead log 3.an apple tree making its own food 4.a tapeworm feeding in the body of a dog

49. The correct answer is…. 3.an apple tree making its own food

50. 25. A biologist formulates a hypothesis, performs experiments to test his hypothesis, makes careful observations, and keeps accurate records of his findings. In order to complete this process, the biologist should 1.adjust the data to support the hypothesis 2.eliminate data that do not support the hypothesis 3.write a research paper explaining his theories before performing his experiments, in order to gain funding sources 4.evaluate the findings and, if necessary, alter the hypothesis based on his findings, and test the new hypothesis

51. The correct answer is….. 4.evaluate the findings and, if necessary, alter the hypothesis based on his findings, and test the new hypothesis