1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم

2. مقدمات 2  Genetic expression  Embryonic development

3. Embryonic development

4. Development female male

5. Gametogenesis Gamete (sex cell ) sperm oocyte

6. Gonad (sex gland) testis ovary

7. development of female gonad (ovary) development of female gonad (ovary)

8. Intermediate mesoderm

9. ovary Germinal epithelium + mesenchymal tissue

10. ovary

11. Development of gonad germ cell migrate to primitive gonad 3th 5th week

12. ovary

14. Germ cell Oogona Suppoting cell

16. ovary  Cortex  medulla

18. Primordial follicle  Germ cell( Oogona)  Supporting cell (Follicular cell) (Follicular cell)

19. 1-germ cell=oogonia(2n) 2-germinal epithelium : follicular cell (granulosa cell) Primordial follicle

20.  3th month: mitosis division  5 th month : 7 million  7 th month : apoptosis (atretic follicle)

21. Primordial follicle 1-Apoptosis(7th month)=atretic follicle Meiosis (first division) =prophase 1(diploten) Oocyte maturation inhibition

22. Number of Primordial follicle Puberty=40/000 Newborn=600/000-800/0000

23. puberty Hypothalamous GnRH hypophysis Gonadotropin (FsH, LH) Ovary Ovarian cycle (uterian cycle)

24. Hypophysis follicular stimulating hormone (FSH)

25. PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLE

27. Effect of FSH primordial follicle primary follicle preantral

28. Growth of follicles(15-20) 1. Primary (preantral) 2. Secondary(vesicular) (antral) (antral) 3. Preovulatory (Graafian ) follicle

29. Primary follicle Multilamellar= preantral

30. Secondary follicle= antral

31.  37 HOUR Graafian (preovulatory) follicle

33. Follicular cell Central Follicular cell peripheral Follicular cell  estrogen Comulus oophoros

34. Peripheral connective tissue Theca :  Theca interna (Estrogen)  Theca externa (connective tissue)

36.  Comulus oophoros  Corona radiata

37. Zona pellocida

38.  37 HOUR Graafian (preovulatory) follicle

39. Day 14 ovarian cycle LH Ovulation Meiosis II Primary oocyte (prophase I) secondary oocyte (Metaphase II) +polar body

42. Development of male gonad (Testis )

45. testis Germinal epithelium

46. ovary

48.  Germ cell=Spermatogonia  Germinal epithelium= Sertoli cell  Mesenchyme=leydig cell

49. Adenyhypophysis Gonadotrophic cell LHTestis leydig cell leydig cellTestosterone FSH Testis Spermatogenesis (testicular fluid)

50. Puberty: spermatogenic lineage 4-8 layer a) Spermatogonia b) primary spermatocyte c) secondary spermatocyte d) Spermatid e) spermatozoa

51. spermatogenic lineage spermatogonia =precursor cell 46 chromosome, 2N DNA

52. Spermatogonia =mitosis primary spermatocyte Number of chromosome =46 DNA= 4N

53. secondary spermatocyte primary spermatocyte first miosis secondary spermatocyte secondary spermatocyte number of chromosome: 23 DNA = 2N DNA = 2N

54. spermatid secondary spermatocyte miosis 2 spermatid Number of chromosome: 23 DNA= N

55. spermiogenesisDifferentiation: spermatid spermatozoa

56. spermiogenesis 1. Formation of acrosome 2. Condensation of the nucleus 3. Formation of neck &middle piece & tail 4. Shedding of cytoplasm

58. shed : residual cytoplasm of spermatid Differentiation: spermatid mature spermatozoa

61. Position of spermatogenic lineage Attached by cytpplasmic bridge

63. sertoli cell

64. For you

72. Female reproductive system  Ovary  oviduct (uterian tube) (Fallopian tube)  uterus

73. oviduct  Fimberia  Ampulla  Main duct  isthmus

74. uterus  Enometrium  Myometrium  perimetrium

75. Endometrium  Coiled artery  Uterian gland (mucous gland)

76. Ovarian cycle=uterine cycle 28 days  14 day: ovulation

77. 5-14 day:Estrogenic phase =follicular phase 15-28 day: progestional phase(secretory phase)= luteal phase 5-14 day:Estrogenic phase =follicular phase 15-28 day: progestional phase(secretory phase)= luteal phase