1. People and Government Chapter 1

2. Principles of Government Chapter 1 Section 1

3. The State Population Territory Sovereignty Government

4. 4 Theories on the origins of The State Force Theory Evolutionary Theory Divine Right Theory Social Contract Theory Thomas Hobbes John Locke

5. Social Contract Theory Popular sovereignty Limited government Individual rights Expressed in The Declaration of Independence

6. The Purposes of Government Maintain social order Provide public services Provide security and defense Provide for the economy

7. The Purposes of Government Preamble to the Constitution Form a more perfect union Establish justice Insure domestic tranquility Provide for the common defense Promote the general welfare Secure the blessings of liberty

8. The Formation of Government Ch 1 Section 2 Types of Government Chapter 1 Section 3

9. Government Systems How government is organized to carry out its functions Different levels of government

10. Government Systems Unitary System Key power to central government Confederacy Loose union of independent states Federal System Government power divided between national (federal) and state government

11. Major Types of Government

12. Characteristics of Democracy Individual Liberty Majority rule, minority rights Free elections Competing Political Parties

13. Essential Elements for a Democracy Citizen Participation A Favorable Economy Widespread Education A Strong Civil Society A Social Consensus

14. Constitutions and Government Rules for government Statement of Goals Ideals Framework/Structure for Government The Highest Law Incomplete Guides

15. Constitutional Government Government in which a Constitution has authority to place limits on powers of those who govern

16. Government vs Politics Government is an Institution Politics is a process Politics is how government is conducted Efforts to control or influence conduct of policies

17. People participate in politics Seeking Government Benefits Manage conflicts in society Concern about the influence of special interest groups

18. Economic Theories Chapter 1 Section 4

19. Economics Study of limited resources used to satisfy people’s unlimited wants Because resources are limited societies have to decide how resources will be used Allocation of resources occurs through a society’s political system

20. Classification of Economic Systems How economies work –Traditional/Pre- Modern Economy –Market Economy –Command Economy Political ideology that is connected to an economy –Capitalism –Socialism –Communism

21. The Role of Economic Systems Answer three key questions: What and how much should be produced? How should goods and services be produced? Who gets the goods and services that are produced?

22. Generalization Societies with more political freedom tend to have relatively free or unregulated economies Societies with relatively less political freedom have economies that are under more government control

23. Capitalism Freedom of choice Individual incentive for workers, investors, consumers and business enterprises Government assumes that society is best served by whatever productivity activity individuals choose

24. Pure Capitalism Private ownership and control of property and economic resources Free enterprise Competition Freedom of choice Possibility of profits

25. U. S. Economy Individual initiative (profit) Private property Freedom to make economic choices Regulation reluctantly embraced to protect public welfare

26. Socialism Government: owns basic means of production determines use of resources distributes the products and wages provides social services such as education, health care and welfare

27. Communism Central government directs all major economic decisions