1. Information systems and management in business Chapter 2 Electronic Business and Business Mobility

2. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  What is Electronic Business (E-Biz)?  Many definitions exist  Example  Using the Internet and associated technologies - platform  Improve the productivity or profitability of a business - goals

3. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  Electronic Business deployment strategies  Greatly enhanced with proliferation of the Internet and associated technologies  Three deployment strategies exist  Electronic commerce (e commerce)  Inter-organizational collaboration  Collaboration and information sharing and exchanging within the private domain of a business – internal business collaboration

4. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  The Internet as a mainstream E-Biz Enabler  The Internet offers many E-Biz enabling features  Use Public Networking Infrastructure and Standard Protocols  None proprietary communication protocols – TCP/IP, HTTP, etc..  Communication takes place regardless of underlying hardware or operating systems  Standard and none proprietary file transfer protocols - FTP  Ease of Use  personal computer (PC) or a notebook fitted with a modem and client software (browser) – all is needed

5. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  The Internet as a mainstream E-Biz Enabler  The Internet offers many E-Biz enabling features  Ease of Access  Home access requires DSL or dialup modem  A connection to a service provider (ISP)  Emergence of E business supporting technologies  Digital signature, digital notarization, electronic payments and audit trails

6. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  The Internet as a mainstream E-Biz Enabler  The Internet offers many E-Biz enabling features  Emergence of solutions to electronic business security challenges  Firewalls, encryption, authentication and virtual private networks (VPNs)

7. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  The Internet as a mainstream E-Biz Enabler  Emergence of data-driven dynamic Web sites  Originally the Internet technologies were only able to support static Web sites  Involve the collection and delivery of HTML pages (site contents)  Data-driven dynamic Web sites  Now can be economically constructed and securely accessed – example: online banking  Create contents which are dynamically determined and based upon the user’s input

8. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  Electronic Business Models  Business to business (B2B)  business is transacted between two or more businesses  Business to consumers (B2C)  Business is transacted between business and its customers  Consumers to consumers (C2C)  Customers doing business among each other

9. 2.2 Electronic Business Overview  The E-Biz Challenges  From a business perspective  Creating an efficient, productive and secure e business opportunity  Five key issues needed to be explored and planned for  Objectives  Security and privacy  Potential for losing business and customers  Building the right infrastructure  Training

10. 2.3 Electronic commerce  Electronic commerce - e commerce  Definition  The ability for people to get services or purchase products from businesses over the Internet (online)

11. 2.3 Electronic commerce  Electronic Commerce Models and Examples  There exist a number of electronic commerce orientated business models  Examples: Advertising, Subscription, Community, Directs, Auctions  Comparison Model  Gaining wide appeal and popularity  Involves the provision of providing a service based on other businesses services or products  Web services are a technology that plays a major role in its functionality

12. 2.3 Electronic commerce  E Commerce Sites General Architecture  Generally the Key components of an e commerce set up  Web server  Apache and Microsoft Internet information services (IIS) – Widely used  E commerce application  Presenting and processing interactive electronic Web forms  Electronic Web Forms – typically similar in structure to classical paper forms  Electronically filled and processed  Internet browser - E Commerce Access  Proxy server – facilities group access

13. 2.3 Electronic commerce  Generally the Key components of an e commerce set up  Data-driven dynamic Web site technologies  Typically powered up by a complex set of technologies known as scripting languages or processing technologies  The php and the Microsoft ASP.net processing technologies are two such technologies

14. 2.3 Electronic commerce  Generally the Key components of an e commerce set up  Security technologies  Firewall  Used to keep private networks connected to the Internet from unauthorised or undesirable access from Internet users  Can be implemented in hardware, software or a combination of the two  Typically placed between the Internet and the private network

15. 2.4 Internal Business Collaboration  Internal Business Collaboration or intra-business collaboration  as the ability for the employees of one business or an organization to be able to access the business’s private network and its associated resources and applications

16. 2.4 Internal Business Collaboration  What is an intranet?  Basically a private network  Uses the Internet technologies, communication protocols and other related Internet standards  Provide various business services  Services on the intranet are accessible only to employees of the business or organization that owns the intranet

17. 2.4 Internal Business Collaboration  Key intranet Supporting Technologies  Web servers  S Web pages.  Internet browsers  Display documents.  TCP/IP, http, FTP and shttp  Facilitates communication between Web servers and their clients (Internet browsers residing in user’s computers).  HTML and XML  Provide Web contents.  JavaScript  Provide client side animation and dynamic contents.  Java, php, CGI, ASP.NET, Ajax  Provides Web site interactivity.

18. 2.4 Internal Business Collaboration  Basic intranet Architecture  Similar to the E Commerce architecture from a technology perspective but not from an access perspective

19. 2.4 Internal Business Collaboration  Typical intranet Business Services  Real-Time Information Sharing  Entering Information Online  Collaboration  Online Training

20. 2.4 Internal Business Collaboration  intranet Trends  Growth in intranet deployment and utilization  Critical to this trend – a number of increasingly popular technologies  Wikis  Ajax  RSS  Blogs

21. 2.5 Inter-organizational collaboration  What is inter-organizational collaboration?  An electronic business to business communication  Secure  Coordination, collaboration, exchanging information, trading and conducting variety of business transaction  Business partners, vendors, suppliers and customers

22. 2.5 Inter-organizational collaboration  What is an Extranet?  Private network  Employs the Internet protocols and the public telecommunication systems  Securely share part of a business's information  Suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses

23. 2.5 Inter-organizational collaboration  Extranet Uses  Employed by firms from a wide ranging industry sectors  Share and exchange privileged information  Trusted partners and customers

24. 2.5 Inter-organizational collaboration  A basic and general extranet architecture  http://www.halaeducation.com/Book_images/Chapter2_images/Figure 2.5.jpg http://www.halaeducation.com/Book_images/Chapter2_images/Figure 2.5.jpg  A site to site architecture  the business intranet is directly connected to its partners via their corresponding intranet using the Internet networking infrastructure  Does not involve any private networking infrastructure such as leased lines or any other forms of private circuitry  Connectivity is typically achieved via the involved businesses relevant Internet service provider (ISP) – not shown in the architecture  routers facilitates interconnections between the various intranets and ISPs

25. 2.5 Inter-organizational collaboration  Extranet Potential Disadvantages  Benefits achieved at some costs  Financial costs  Social costs  Reliability issues  Potential for business data being accessed inappropriately

26. 2.5 Inter-organizational collaboration  What is an enterprise Portals or Portals and Trading Exchanges?  Integrating multiple extranets into a single  Serve the need of the various partners from a single point of access

27. 2.6 Business Mobility  What is a business mobility?  The ability for business employees to collaborate and conduct business transactions  Outside traditional business places and time

28. 2.6 Business Mobility  Business Mobility Benefits  (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs) tends to restrict business support to the traditional working business environment  Support is not extended to various categories of employees  Employees who are away from their offices such as field workers, travelling employees, employees in seminars or training sessions, executives in meeting rooms, and so Productivity enhancement

29. 2.6 Business Mobility  Business Mobility Benefits  Productivity enhancement  Working flexibility  Mobile or a way worker empowerment  Responsiveness  Enhance competitiveness

30. 2.6 Business Mobility  Business Mobility Challenges  In addition to benefits and opportunities come challenges when a business or an organization practically embraces a businesses mobility strategy  Keeping the business data secure over public network  Ensuring the business data privacy and safety on mobile devices  Measuring the value of enabling business mobility  Supporting mobility devices and solutions  Ensuring standard and consistent user experience

31. 2.7 Electronic Business Additional Security Challenges  Electronic Business Additional Security Challenges  Critical e commerce, extranets and intranets security challenges are managed and enhanced with various measures  Firewall  VPN  Encryption  Additional E-Biz challenges  Hacking.  Viruses and worms.  Denial of services attacks

32. 2.7 Electronic Business Additional Security Challenges  Managing Electronic Business Security Challenges  Multi-steps strategy  Firewalls  Anti viruses software’s  Encryption  Digital Signature  Authentication and Resources Access Control  DoS measures

33. 2.8 File transfer Protocol (FTP)  What is an FTP?  An open standard communication protocol  Allows two computers to exchange files over a TCP/IP based network

34. 2.8 File transfer Protocol (FTP)  How to use FTP  Could use FTP in one of two ways  One approach involves the use of graphical FTP client software  Use of the Internet browser  All that would be required in order to connect to the remote server is to enter the FTP address of the remote server