2. Chapter 5-2 CauseEffect The population grew so fast that housing couldn’t keep up with it. Jane Addams wanted to help immigrants. Immigrants were offered help from political machines. Steel was strong enough to support great weight. People lived in crowded tenements. She opened Hull House. Immigrants voted for the candidates supported by the political machines. Buildings became taller, bridges became longer.

3. Cities grew because: Immigrants came to cities to find work/jobs in factories. Machines replaced farm workers (mechanization), so people moved from farms to cities to find factory jobs. This movement of people from farms to cities is known as urbanization.

4. Challenges faced by urban (city) areas as a result of population/technological changes. 1.Overcrowding- tenements were unsafe, lacked heat, no windows 2.Diseases spread quickly because people lived so closely. 3.Air pollution from factories. 4.Traffic increased making roads in cities dangerous and noisy. 5.Garbage was dumped into the streets (no pick-ups).

5. Solving urban challenges Settlement houses were established to help the poor & immigrants by: giving English classes and helping find work. Jacob Riis’s book How the Other Half Lives used photos to reveal the conditions of the poor & immigrants. Wealthy people donated money for parks and medical centers.