1. Mammals 4,450 species

2. Characteristics  Body covered with hair  4 limbs  7 cervical vertebrae  4 chambered heart

3. Characteristics  Moveable eyelids  Fleshy external ears  Diphyodont teeth ( 2 sets)

4. Characteristics  Homeothermic maintain constant body temperature maintain constant body temperature  Dioecious sexes separate  Brain highly developed with cerebrum (reasoning)

5. Glands 1. Sweat – cooling 2. Sebaceous – oil gland *near hair follicles, *makes pelt nice & shiny 3. Scent – marking territory, courtship 4. Mammary – nursing young

6. Respiration  Lungs  Alveoli (air sacs) – provide much surface area for gas exchange  Larynx (voice box) for making sounds

7. Excretion  Well developed kidneys  Ureters (tubes to bladder)  Bladder (holds urine)

8. Reproduction Three different reproductive patterns of Mammals I. Monotremes eg. echidna, platypus II. Marsupials e.g. kangaroo, opossum, wallaby, wombat, numbat, Tasmanian devil III. Placental Mammals e.g. dog, deer, human

9. I. Monotremes  Lay eggs (embryo nourished by egg yolk)  Incubate eggs in nest  Nurse young

10. I. Monotremes

11. II. Marsupials  Embryo not nourished by placental attachment  Very undeveloped embryo born  Must crawl to pouch

12. II. Marsupials  Young finish development in pouch  Nurse in pouch  E.g. red kangaroo – nurses young 2 years

13. II. Marsupials

14. III. Placental Mammals  e.g. dog, deer, human  Embryo nourished through placenta  Young born live  Extensive parental care  Nurse young (prevents next pregnancy)

15. Placental Mammals